IJSRSET152232 | Received: 8 March 2015 | Accepted: 12 March 2015 | March-April 2015 [(1)2: 104-106]
Themed Section: Engineering and Technology
104
Modeling of Biological Wastewater Treatment Facilities: A Review
Sunil J. Kulkarni
*1
, Sonali R. Dhokpande
2
, Dr. Jayant P. Kaware
3
*1,2
Chemical Engineering Department, Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Airoli, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
3
Bhonsala College of Engineering and Research, Akola, Maharashtra, India
ABSTRACT
Wastewater treatment is major research area in the modern era of industrialization and growing awareness about the
sustainable growth. The biological treatment facilities are used in treatment plants for domestic and industrial waste
water. Various biological treatments include suspended growth processes like activated sludge process and attached
growth techniques like trickling filters. The modeling of these treatment facilities is important. It can be used to
relate experimental data for developing the pilot and actual plant. By using the modeling technique, important
parameter values can be related for experimental data and can be scaled up. The present review summarizes the
modeling for biological treatment facilities.
Keywords: Effluent, parameters, suspended growth, attached growth.
I. INTRODUCTION
Wastewater treatment for removal of various metals,
organic matters and other contaminants includes
physical, chemical and biological treatment techniques
[1, 2, 3]. Adsorption and ion exchange are very
important treatment methods. Methods like membrane
separation, electro coagulation and flocculation can be
used effectively for water treatment for removal of
various pollutants [4,5,6]. Biological treatments of
wastewater for removal of organic matter are widely
studied treatment techniques. Biological wastewater
treatments for removal of heavy metals have been
reported[7,8,9,10,11]. Modeling of the treatment plants
is very important aspect of the treatment methods. The
present review aims at summarizing the research on
modeling of biological treatment facilities.
II. RESEARCH ON MODELING OF BIOLOGICAL
TREATMENT FACILITIES
Carsky and Mbhele carried out kinetic modeling of
copper biosorption using marine algae [12].Contact time
of 3 hours was enough for equilibrium. According to
them copper biosorption was function many parameters
like type of biomass (number and kind of biosorption
sites), size and form of biomass, physiological state of
biomass (active or inactive, free or immobilized), as well
as the metal involved in the biosorption system.
According to their kinetic modeling, biosorption was
divided into two stages: one in which the sorption rate is
very high (60% of biomass saturation capacity in a
contact time of 25 minutes), followed by a second stage
with a much lower sorption rate. Hasan et.al reviewed
the design criteria for the design criteria of biological
aerated filter (BAF) for COD, ammonia and manganese
removal in drinking water treatment [13].They plotted
two correlations 1. COD removal efficiencies against the
H/D ratio and 2. H/D ratio against BAF height. They
observed the expected removal efficiency of COD and
ammonia. It was within 80-90%. Masic carried out
investigation on a biofilm reactor model with suspended
biomass [14]. He presented a one dimensional
mathematical model of biofilm and suspended biomass
in a continuous stirred tank reactor. The model they
referred to was hybrid of chemo-stat like mass balances
for the substrate and biomass in the reactor. It was
coupled with a free boundary value problem for the
substrate in the biofilm. According to the numerical
simulations, biofilm dominated over suspended biomass
in the long-term reactor performance. He extended this
model to two-step nitrification in a moving bed biofilm
reactor (MBBR). Eftaxias carried out research on
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