Dinh et al., J Internet Bank Commer 2015, 20:2
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/1204-5357.1000103
Research Article Open Access
Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce
Volume 20 • Issue 2 • 1000103
J Internet Bank Commer
ISSN: 1204-5357 JIBC, an open access journal
Measuring the Impacts of Internet Banking to Bank Performance:
Evidence from Vietnam
Van Dinh*, Uyen Le and Phuong Le
Faculty of Finance and Banking, VNU University of Economics and Business, Hanoi, Vietnam
*Corresponding author: Van Dinh, Falcuty of Finance and Banking, VNU-
University of Economics and Business, Hanoi, Vietnam, Tel: +84904641686; Email:
vandtt@vnu.edu.vn
Received June 10, 2015; Accepted July 10, 2015; Published July 12, 2015
Citation: Dinh V, Le U, Le P (2015) Measuring the Impacts of Internet Banking
to Bank Performance: Evidence from Vietnam. J Internet Bank Commer 20: 103.
doi:10.4172/2165-7866.1000103
Copyright: © 2015 Dinh V, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and
source are credited.
Keywords: Internet banking; Commercial bank; Performance ratios;
Service channel
Introduction
he competition is ierce in the economy and particularly in
banking sector. Banks will fully exploit all factors available to help
banks gain market share and retain customers, which become
increasingly hard in the digital age. Consumer is shiting from tradition
channels to digital ones and the multichannel model now is the popular
trend in the banking industry. As the earliest-adopted digital channel,
Internet banking is currently the feature can be expected to ind at a
commercial bank. Since it was implemented, customers were able to
do their banking with the speed, convenience and control more than
ever. As a result, banks enhance customer satisfaction and increase
their user loyalty–the ultimate goals of all banks in current situation.
On the other side, Internet banking is a service with great potential.
It would become a decent source of proits for banks; reduce bank’s
operating expenses so ultimately enhance bank performance. To date,
Internet banking is not just an element to compete for market share
but becomes an essential service to provide, if not banks would face the
chance of losing their market share or bad efects to their brand.
here are good reasons to expect that Internet banking will spread
expeditiously and have a great impact on banks performance. However,
it seems not to be the case in Vietnam. hough available in since 2004, the
scale of Internet banking is relatively small. Till 2014, total users of this
service have only reached 6 million, equivalent 17% of total Internet users
which is even lower than the average of Asia-Paciic. herefore, commercial
banks are facing the risk of not meeting customer’s expectations especially
when e-commerce is gradually developing which caused the rising need
of online payment mechanisms. According to estimates, total value of
online shopping increases more than 57 million dollars annually. his
is an opportunity for both e-commerce enterprises and inancial service
provider. In fact, according to Vietnam ICT Index 2014 report, 13/25
surveyed commercial banks reported a ratio of digital transaction (through
Internet banking, mobile banking) value less than 2% while these channels
have been ofered before 2004. he data suggests that banks have not
valued properly or had an efective strategy to exploit the huge potential of
these channels, especially the Internet banking platform. In order to shed a
light on that problem, the question of how internet banking afects banks’
performance in Vietnam needs to be addressed. However, to date few
empirical studies are available regarding the impact of Internet banking on
the inancial performance of commercial banks in Vietnam.
he purpose of this paper is to identify and estimate the impact
of Internet banking from the commercial banks’ perspective. To
be speciic, this study attempted to examine the impact on proit,
operating cost, and proitability of the adoption of the Internet as a
distribution channel. A sample of 20 banks, accounted for about a half
of the total number of commercial banks, which is approximately 70%
of total asset of Vietnam banking sector over the period 2009–2014 is
used. From the regression results, the authors hope to provide practical
recommendations for banks to improve and develop that delivery
channel in an optimal way. he results suggest that Internet banking
adoption afects the income and consequently the proitability of
commercial banks in Vietnam. his impact is gradual and takes a time
lag of three years to be statistically signiicant.
his article is divided in four parts. First, the introduction presents
an overview of the article. he second part describes theoretical basis
and methods of analysis. Part three provides results from regression
analysis and discussion. he fourth part ofers some conclusions and
recommendations for commercial banks in Vietnam.
Heoretical Basis and Methods
Heoretical basis and analysis framework
Internet banking is a service of electronic banking (E-banking).
According to Comptroller’s Handbook [1], it enables bank customers
to access accounts and general information on bank products and
services through the Internet. Besides existing channels such as ATM,
PC banking, Home banking, the adoption of Internet banking adds
another delivery channel and forms the multichannel model seen
widely in banking industry nowadays. Internet banking holds huge
potential as a convenient and eicient delivery which has not been
provided before by banks. At its ultimate end, Internet banking may
become a new business model totally diferent from the traditional one
(Internet-only model – bank with no branch, all banking activities is
performed online).
Abstract
Internet banking is an innovative service in the banking industry. However, researching about the impact of internet
banking to bank’s performance is rarely seen. In Vietnam, no research has been found recently by researchers. The
main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of internet banking to performance (proitability ratios, noninterest
operating expenses and incomes) of banks in Vietnam in the period from 2009-2014. The study uses random effect
model (REM) and ixed effect model (FEM) to estimate the relationships between Internet indicators and bank’s
performance. The results from the regression model showed that internet banking had an impact on bank proitability
through an increase of income from service activities. However, the impact level was low and had a lag time of over 3
years, which is longer than indings from previous studies.