MITANI ET AL. p. 1 In press. Animal Behaviour Demographic and social constraints on male chimpanzee behaviour JOHN C. MITANI,*DAVID P. WATTS,† JOHN W. PEPPER‡, & D. ANDREW MERRIWETHER* *Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor †Department of Anthropology, Yale University ‡Santa Fe Institute Running headline: MITANI ET AL.: CHIMPANZEE SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR Correspondence: John Mitani, Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 - 1382 (email: mitani@umich.edu). D. Watts is at the Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8277. J. Pepper is at the Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501. D. A. Merriwether is at the Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 – 1382. Word count: 5182