Appendix S1. Details of plant mixes used for the project-managed areas. Floristically Enhanced Grass Mix – Perennial (sown spring 2007) 5% common bentgrass (Agrostis capillaris) 5% crested dogstail (Cynosurus cristatus) 5% small timothy (Phleum pratense) 20% sheep’s fescue (Festuca ovina) 20% red fescue (Festuca rubra) 34% smooth meadow grass (Poa pratensis) 1% late red clover (Trifolium pratense) 1% alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum) 1% bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) 3% sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) 2% common vetch (Vicia sativa) 1% yellow trefoil/black medic (Medicago lupulina) 1% lesser knapweed (Centaurea nigra) 1% yarrow (Achillea millefolium) Sowing rate 20 kg per ha For the wild bird seed and insect-rich cover, failure of autumn sowings and abnormally dry spring weather meant that in some cases they had to be resown or a different mix used that was better suited to the conditions. Wild Bird Seed 2007 (spring-sown) 30 kg triticale (× Triticosecale) 2 kg mustard (Brassica oleracea) Sowing rate 32 kg per ha 2008 (spring-sown) 2 kg fodder radish (Raphanus sativus) 3 kg millet (Panicum miliaceum) 0.25 kg quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)