Accepted Manuscript Title: Playful handling of laboratory rats is more beneficial when applied before than after routine injections Author: Sylvie Cloutier Kimberly L. Wahl Jaak Panksepp Ruth C. Newberry PII: S0168-1591(14)00331-1 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2014.12.012 Reference: APPLAN 4007 To appear in: APPLAN Received date: 28-2-2014 Revised date: 21-12-2014 Accepted date: 24-12-2014 Please cite this article as: Cloutier, S., Wahl, K.L., Panksepp, J., Newberry, R.C.,Playful handling of laboratory rats is more beneficial when applied before than after routine injections, Applied Animal Behaviour Science (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2014.12.012 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.