1 14. THE MEANINGS OF KHAYR ;GOODͿ IN THE QU‘ĀN (1) IŶ oƌdeƌ to uŶdeƌstaŶd the ǀeƌses of the QuƌaŶ edžteŶsiǀelLJ ǁe haǀe to leaƌŶ the sĐieŶĐes of the QuƌaŶ laid doǁŶ ďLJ eaƌlieƌ sĐholaƌs of the QuƌaŶ. OŶe of these sĐieŶĐes is Asďāď al-Nuzūl ;the Đauses of ƌeǀelatioŶͿ, ŵeaŶs the occasions that led to the revelation of a particular verse. . Al- )aƌkashī ;d. 79ϰ/ϭϯ9ϮͿ ǁho ŵeŶtioŶed foƌtLJ-seven sciences of the QuƌāŶ iŶ his BuƌhāŶ put asďāď al -Ŷuzūl iŶ the fiƌst plaĐe. Al-“uLJūt.ī ;d. 99ϭ/ϭϱϬϱ) who mentioned eighty sciences put it iŶ the ŶiŶth plaĐe iŶ his ItƋāŶ. Without kŶoǁiŶg it the ǀeƌse of the QuƌaŶ ŵight ďe ŵisuŶdeƌstood. OŶe of the ǀeƌses commonly misunderstood is the following verse: ن˶ إ ذ˶ين الاϭ ˵ ن آم ذ˶ين الϭ اϭ˵ دΎ ه ص النϭ ى رΎ ئ˶ين˶ بΎ الصϭ ن م ن آم˶ Ύ ˶ ب˶ ϡ ϭ ي الϭ ˶ خ˶ر ا م˶ ل عϭ Ύً ل˶حΎ ص ϡ˵Ϭ Ϡ ف ϡ˵ ر˵ ه ج أ د ع˶ ن ϡ ˶ Ϭ͋ ب ر لϭ فϭ خ ϡ ˶ Ϭ ي Ϡ ع لϭ ϡ˵ ه نϭ ˵ ن ز ح ي( رةϘ الب: 2Ϯ ( Verily, those who believe and those who are Jews and Christians, and Sabians, whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day and does righteous good deeds shall have their reward with their Lord, on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve (Q. 2:62) This verse was revealed in answering the question of “alŵāŶ al-Fāƌisī about the monks with whom they had prayed in their churches, expecting the advent of Prophet Muhammad iŶ Aƌaďia, aŶd adǀised “alŵāŶ to folloǁ the Ŷeǁ pƌophet whenever he met him. Then the above verse was revealed to explain that not only these monks, but the Jews before the advent of Prophet Isa (Jesus), and the Christians before the advent of Prophet Muhmmad s.a.w. would be safe. But those who do not want to follow the new prophet, namely, the Jews after the advent of Prophet Isa, and the Christians after the advent of Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. would not be safe. If we read this verse to the Jews and the Christians without explaining its meaning they would think that they do