1119
Passage Meditation
Improves Caregiving
Self-efficacy among
Health Professionals
A Randomized Trial and
Qualitative Assessment
DOUG OMAN
University of California, Berkeley, USA
T. ANNE RICHARDS
University of California, San Francisco, USA
JOHN HEDBERG
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, USA
CARL E. THORESEN
Stanford University, USA
Abstract
Relational caregiving skills remain
seldom studied in health
professionals.We evaluated effects on
health professional relational
caregiving self-efficacy from an
eight-week, 16-hour training in
self-management tools. Physicians,
nurses, chaplains, and other health
professionals were randomized after
pretest to treatment (n = 30) or
waiting list (n = 31). Training used a
previously researched program of
Easwaran (1991/1978) derived from
spiritual wisdom traditions. Changes
were measured using a 34-item
caregiving self-efficacy scale. Positive
effects were observed at posttest,
eight- and 19-week follow-up
(ds = .38, .47, .37, all ps<.05),and
were mediated by adherence to
practices and stress reductions
(p < .05), findings also obtained in
qualitative interviews (n = 24).
Evidence suggests this program
enhances health professional
caregiving self-efficacy, and may
merit inclusion in training curricula.
Journal of Health Psychology
Copyright © 2008 SAGE Publications
LosAngeles, London, New Delhi,
Singapore andWashington DC
www.sagepublications.com
Vol 13(8) 1119–1135
DOI: 10.1177/1359105308095966
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. We acknowledge grant support from Fetzer
Institute, the US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32
HL07365–21), Metanexus Institute, and the JohnTempleton Foundation.We
also acknowledge the assistance of Exempla Healthcare of Colorado and of
co-instructors Don Etter, Sandy Fasso,Anne Hedberg, Debra Parsons, MD,
Pat Sabadell, Maura Sullivan, and SharonYablon, and of our colleague Alex
H. S. Harris.
COMPETING INTERESTS: None declared.
ADDRESS. Correspondence should be directed to:
DOUG OMAN, PhD, School of Public Health, 50 University Hall #7360,
University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720–7360, USA.
[email: DougOman@post.Harvard.edu]
Keywords
■ mediators
■ self-efficacy
■ spirituality
■ spiritual modeling
■ stress