370 Accepted by J. Morse: 5 Oct. 2015; published: 19 Oct. 2015 ZOOTAXA ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press Zootaxa 4032 (4): 370–380 www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4032.4.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:225D8793-0FE0-4F08-95DB-83AC31916782 A new species of Neoathripsodes Holzenthal, 1989 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) with new generic and species records in Bahia State, Brazil EVERTON S. DIAS 1 , FABIO B. QUINTEIRO 1,2 & ADOLFO R. CALOR 1,3 1 Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática, PPG Diversidade Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, 147, campus Ondina, CEP 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil 2 Laboratório de Biologia Comparada e Abelhas, Departamento de Biologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. dos Bandei- rantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil 3 Corresponding author. E-mail: acalor@gmail.com Abstract Trichoptera is the most species-rich clade of exclusively aquatic insects. In Brazil, 645 species have been recorded, dis- tributed in 70 genera and 16 families. In the Northeast Region of Brazil, 85 species have been recorded, including 56 in Bahia State. Sixteen of the Northeast Region species belong to the family Leptoceridae. Among these, the long-horned caddisfly genus Neoathripsodes Holzenthal has been a monotypic genus since its erection more than 26 years ago. It is an endemic genus in the states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo and only the male stage has been described for its only known species, Neoathripsodes anomalus. In this paper, we describe a new species of Neoathripsodes, with the first description of a female in this genus. Additionally, we present new records for the family Leptoceridae in Bahia, es- pecially from the Serra Bonita Mountains, in order to help solve a long-term problem in Brazilian caddisfly research: An uneven proportion of studies in some regions of the country due to historical reasons. The Northeast Region of Brazil still remains a neglected area in which efforts to unearth its biodiversity should be focused. In this work, four species are re- corded for the first time for Bahia State and its Serra Bonita Mountains: Grumichella rostrata Thienemann 1905, Neoath- ripsodes holzenthali n. sp., Nectopsyche fuscomaculata Flint 1983, and Notalina cipo Holzenthal 1986. Neoathripsodes and Notalina are new generic records for Bahia State. The following four species are new records for Serra Bonita: Ata- natolica bonita Costa & Calor 2014, Oecetis martinae Quinteiro & Calor 2015, O. furcata Quinteiro & Calor 2015, and Triplectides gracilis (Burmeister 1839). Additional new distributional records for Bahia State are included in this study. Key words: Aquatics insects, Atlantic Forest, biodiversity, caddisflies, description, taxonomy Introduction Trichoptera Kirby 1813 is the most species-rich clade of exclusively aquatic insects, with around 15,000 described species worldwide (Morse 2014). In the Neotropical Region, 2,609 species have been recorded, with 645 in Brazil, distributed in 70 genera and 16 families (Santos et al. 2015; Vilarino & Calor 2015). In the Brazilian Northeast Region, 85 species have been reported, 56 of them in Bahia State. Among the species recorded from Bahia state, 18 of them belong to the family Leptoceridae: Amazonatolica hamadae Holzenthal & Pes 2004, Achoropsyche duodecimpunctata (Navás 1916), Atanatolica bonita Costa & Calor 2014, Grumichella rostrata Thienemann 1905, Nectopsyche splendida (Navás 1917), Oecetis acanthostema Quinteiro & Calor 2015, Oecetis amazonica (Banks 1924), Oecetis clavicornia Quinteiro & Calor 2015, Oecetis connata Flint 1974, Oecetis excisa Ulmer 1907, Oecetis froehlichi Quinteiro & Calor 2015, Oecetis furcata Quinteiro & Calor 2015, Oecetis iguazu Flint 1983, Oecetis inconspicua (Walker 1852), Oecetis martinae Quinteiro & Calor 2015, Oecetis paranensis Flint 1982, Oecetis punctipennis (Ulmer 1905), and Triplectides gracilis (Burmeister 1839). Leptoceridae is the second largest family of Trichoptera (Holzenthal et al. 2011) with 2,060 described extant species divided into 48 genera. In the Neotropical Region there are 180 species of long-horned caddisflies recorded. In Brazil there are 63 recorded species in nine genera: Achoropsyche Holzenthal 1984, Amazonatolica Holzenthal & Pes 2004, Atanatolica Mosely 1936, Grumichella Müller 1879, Nectopsyche Müller 1879,