373 A. Prokop (ed.), Intracellular Delivery: Fundamentals and Applications, Fundamental Biomedical Technologies 5, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-1248-5_14, © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Abstract Biosynthesis and biofabrication of the metallic NPs have became an important approach to NP preparation. They are not only equal with the chemical or physical methods, but also offer quite a few assets compared to classical tacks. In this review, we present comprehensive overview of existing published records, which include clear and realistic application of biosynthesized metallic NPs. Our survey covers NP utilization from biosorption and catalysis to medicinal and sensing applications. Moreover, we add current review references and comparison (or synergy) with chemical and physical methods. Keywords Biosynthesis฀•฀Nanoparticles฀•฀Biosorption฀•฀Bioremediation฀•฀Catalysis฀ •฀Precious฀metal Abbreviations NP nanoparticle AuNP gold nanoparticle AgNP silver nanoparticle PdNP palladium nanoparticle PEI polyethylenimine CP฀ chlorophenol PCB฀ polychlorinated฀bifenyl PBDE polybrominated diphenyl ether TCPP฀ tris(chloroisopropyl)phosphate G+ Gram positive G- Gram negative A. Schröfel (*) and G. Kratošová Nanotechnology฀Centre,฀VŠB-Technical฀University฀in฀Ostrava,฀ 17.฀listopadu฀15,฀708฀33,฀Ostrava,฀Czech฀Republic e-mail: adam.schrofel@vsb.cz Biosynthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles and Their Applications Adam Schröfel and Gabriela Kratošová