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EXPOSURE TO INDOOR PARTICULATE MATTER 2.5 (PM
2.5
) AND VOLATILE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCS) AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AT AN
INDUSTRIAL AREA IN PETALING JAYA, SELANGOR
J JALALUDIN & N JANNAH MAWAR
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and
Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to determine the exposure of (PM
2.5
) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and
their association towards respiratory health among preschool children in an industrial area. 100 preschool children aged
between 5-6 years old were involved in this cross sectional study with the exposed group consisting of 50 children who
live near the industrial area, while the comparative group consisting of 50 children who live far from industrial area.
The questionnaires adapted from American Thoracic Society questionnaire were filled by their parents. Lung function test
was done using MM-SPOO4 Tabletop Portable Spirometer. Gillian Air Pump and Pbbrae Portable VOC Monitor (Pbbrae
3000) were used to measure the amount of PM
2.5
and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) respectively. There was a
significant difference between exposed and comparative group for lung function test and lung function abnormality.
Besides that, there was also a significant difference for prevalence of reported between studied and comparative groups for
cough, phlegm and wheezing with 3 times more likelihood of getting cough for studied group (PR= 3.451, 95% CI =1.22-
9.76). There was a correlation between PM
2.5
with FEV
1
/FVC of all respondents involved in this study. Exposed group has
an increased risk for respiratory symptoms and reduction of lung function from exposure to indoor PM
2.5
andVOCs but not
statistically significant. The findings conclude that there was a significant difference between exposedand comparative
group for lung function test. Plus, respondents living near an industrial have a risk of getting lung function abnormality and
respiratory problem.
KEYWORDS: Indoor Air Pollutants, Particulate Matter
2.5
, VOCs, Respiratory Health, Industrial Area
INTRODUCTION
Air pollution is the mixture of natural and man-made substances. Substances like fine particles, ground level
ozone and noxious gas such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and chemical vapors, are components
that makes up air. Many health effects due to air pollution have been reported in various research studies over the past 30
years (Noor Hisyam and Juliana, 2014; Yahaya and Jalaludin, 2014; Ayuni et al., 2014., J Jalaludin et al., 2014).
Air pollution can trigger new cases of asthma and provoke development of lung illnesses such as lung cancer and
emphysema. Other than that, air pollution can also interrupt the development of normal lung function, especially on
individuals of younger age as they are exposed to these factors at the earlier stages of body development.
A few common indoor air pollutants can aggregate the health of the person staying in a particular environment.
These pollutants include biological contaminants, VOCsand respirable suspended particles, PM
2.5
and PM
10
. According to
International Journal of Applied
and Natural Science (IJANS)
ISSN(P): 2319-4014; ISSN(E): 2319-4022
Vol. 4, Issue 6, Oct -Nov 2015, 41-50
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