Types of pride and their expression Isabella Poggi , Francesca D’Errico Roma Tre University, Department of Education Sciences {poggi, fderrico @uniroma3.it} Abstract. The paper analyzes pride, its nature, expression and functions, as a social emotion connected to the areas of image and self-image and to power relations. Three types of pride, dignity, superiority and arrogance, are distinguished, their mental ingredients are singled out, and two experimental studies are presented showing that they are conveyed by different combinations of smile, eyebrow and eyelid positions, and head posture. Keywords: pride, social emotion, social signal, facial expression 1 Introduction In the last decade a new research area has arisen in the interface between Computer Scientists and Social Scientists, the area of social signal processing. If previous work on signal processing studied physical quantities in various modalities, since 2007 on Pentland [1, 2] launched the idea of analyzing physical signals that convey socially relevant information, such as activity level during an interaction, or mirroring between participants, and the like. The field of Social Signal processing is now being settled as the area of research that analyzes the communicative and informative signals which convey information about social interactions, social relations, social attitudes and social emotions. Among emotions, we can distinguish “individual” from “social” emotions, and within these, three types of them [3]. First, those felt toward someone else; in this sense, happiness and sadness are individual emotions, while admiration, envy, contempt, compassion are social ones: I cannot admire without admiring someone, I cannot envy or contemn but someone, while I can be happy or sad myself. Second, some emotions are “social” in that they are very easily transmitted from one person to another: like enthusiasm, panic, or anxiety. A third set are the so-called “self- conscious emotions” [4], like shame, pride, embarrassment, that we feel when our own image or self-image, an important part of our social identity, is at stake. They are triggered by our adequacy or inadequacy with respect to some standards and values, possibly imposed by the social context [5], that we want to live up to, and thus they concern and determine our relationships with others. In Social Signal processing, as well as in Affective Computing, a relevant objective is to build systems able to process and recognize signals of social emotions. In this paper we briefly overview some studies on the emotion of pride, trying to distinguish different types of it, and present two studies on the expression of this emotion aimed at recognizing the three types from the nuances of their display.