Natasa Miskovic: The Non-Aligned Movement and the Cold War 2015-4-055
Miskovic, Natasa; Harald Fischer-Tiné, Nada
Boskovska (Hrsg.): The Non-Aligned Movement
and the Cold War. Delhi - Bandung - Belgrade.
London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group
2014. ISBN: 978-0-415-74263-4; 232 S.
Rezensiert von: Arno Trültzsch, GWZO, Uni-
versität Leipzig
More than a quarter century after the collap-
se of real socialism and the end of the Cold
War, historians rediscover this decisive era,
which consumed almost the complete second
half of the last century. In this vein of reassess-
ment, scholarly focus has continuously shif-
ted to the historical role of the so-called non-
aligned and neutral states in the Cold War
arena. Various conferences
1
and monographs
2
have contributed to a revival of this parti-
cular field of global historiography. Both in-
spired by postcolonial and classic Cold War
studies, new approaches reach beyond the-
se frames, concentrating on certain networks,
agents and regional dimensions of political
activity „beyond the blocs“. Both the Euro-
pean context of „perforating the iron curtain“
3
and the reactions from the Global South to the
bloc division, i.e. Afro-Asian solidarity and
non-alignment resonate in the articles of this
collective volume, edited by Nataša Miško-
vi´ c, Harald Fischer-Tiné and Nada Boškovs-
ka. It has come out as a volume of Routledge’s
modern Asian history series, despite its Euro-
pean and African side dimensions. The book
is both the result of a conference held at Zu-
rich University
4
, Miškovi´ c’s and Boškovska’s
home institution, and their personal research
on Yugoslav entanglements and the begin-
nings of the Non-aligned movement (pp. xv-
xvii/p. 9). Thus the reader encounters a wi-
de array of themes covered by a dozen scho-
lars with different regional focus and back-
ground, bound together by a chronological or-
der in three parts: „Afro-Asian solidarity“ as
the starting point before 1945, „Cold War ent-
anglements“ as the backbone of the book and
„A voice in the international system“ as a con-
cluding chapter on tangible impact and effects
on non-alignment.
Nataša Miškovi´ c introduces the main ob-
jectives of the volume: tracing the diver-
se origins of non-alignment, both topical
and regional, and how the concepts around
it evolved (notably anti-colonialism, anti-
imperialism, peaceful coexistence, the call for
self-determination and the fight against ra-
cism and global economic inequalities). She
notices very correctly that until this day „re-
search on non-alignment is indeed scarce“
(p. 1), especially in terms of historicizing ac-
counts.
5
Like other contributors to the vol-
ume, Miškovi´ c emphasizes the two strands
that helped form non-alignment in the end:
the transnational anticolonial struggle star-
ting long before 1945, marked by Afro-Asian
solidarity (Bandung 1955) and turning stea-
dily into the economic North-South dimensi-
on, and the emerging Cold War and its pro-
blems arising for small and newly independ-
ent countries. These strands overlapped of
course, notably in the struggle against impe-
rialism, which was often directed at the West
but increasingly also at the Soviet-Socialist
sense of mission in the so-called Third World.
Non-alignment’s most practical achievement
is its impact on the United Nations: secu-
ring a vast majority in the General Assembly
1
Cf. this recent event at the History department of Lau-
sanne University: „The Role of the Neutrals and Non-
Aligned in the Global Cold War, 1949-1989“ (13 to 15
March 2014), see the report: <http://www.hsozkult.de
/conferencereport/id/tagungsberichte-5499>.
2
E.g. Jürgen Dinkel, Die Bewegung Bündnisfreier Staa-
ten. Genese, Organisation, Politik (1927–1992), Mu-
nich 2015; Thomas Fischer, Neutral Power in the CS-
CE. The N+N States and the Making of the Helsinki
Accords 1975, Baden-Baden 2009; Rinna Kullaa, Non-
Alignment and Its Origins in Cold War Europe. Yugos-
lavia, Finland and the Soviet Challenge, London 2012.
3
Cf. e.g. Thomas Fischer, Bridging the Gap between East
and West. The N+N as Catalysts of the CSCE Process,
1972-1983, in: Poul Villaume / Odd Arne Westad (eds.),
Perforating the Iron Curtain European Détente, Trans-
atlantic Relations, and the Cold War, 1965–1985, Copen-
hagen 2010.
4
The conference was organised together with Harald
Fischer-Tiné (also co-editor of the volume) and held
at both institutions in June 2011 under the title „The
Cold War and the Postcolonial Moment: Prehistory,
Aims and Achievements of the Non-Aligned Move-
ment, 50 Years after Belgrade“ (p. xvi/9), see the re-
port: <http://www.hsozkult.de/conferencereport/id
/tagungsberichte-3719>.
5
A notable exception is Tvrtko Jakovina’s opus ma-
gnum, which is only available in its original Croatian
edition and could therefore raise only little attention
outside former Yugoslavia: Tvrtko Jakovina, Tre´ ca Stra-
na Hladnog Rata (The Third Side of the Cold War). Za-
greb 2011.
© H-Net, Clio-online, and the author, all rights reserved.