In-vitro permeability screening of melt extrudate
formulations containing poorly water-soluble drug
compounds using the phospholipid vesicle-based barrier
Johanna Kanzer
a,b
, Ingunn Tho
a
, Gøril Eide Flaten
a
,
Markus Mägerlein
c
, Peter Hölig
c
, Gert Fricker
b
and Martin Brandl
a,d
a
Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø, Tromsø,
Norway,
b
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy and
Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,
c
SOLIQS, Abbott GmbH and
Co. KG, Ludwigshafen, Germany, and
d
Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Southern
Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
Abstract
Objectives The phospholipid vesicle-based barrier has recently been introduced as an
in-vitro permeation model mimicking gastro-epithelial barriers in terms of passive diffusion
of drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the phospholipid vesicle-based
barrier was suitable for permeability screening of complex formulations such as solid
dispersions.
Methods Solid dispersions containing the poorly water-soluble drugs HIV-PI 1 (log
P = 6.2, molar mass = 628.80 g/mol) and HIV-PI 2 (log P = 5.3, molar mass = 720.95 g/
mol), a hydrophilic polymer and different surfactants were tested with respect to their
influence on integrity of the barrier in terms of electrical resistance and permeability for
calcein. Furthermore, utilisation of a more biologically relevant medium, Hank’s balanced
salt solution supplemented with Mg
2+
- and Ca
2+
-ions (HBSS (Mg
2+
, Ca
2+
)), has been
tested.
Key findings Except for the polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil-containing solid disper-
sion, no influence on the phospholipid vesicle-based barrier could be observed from the
tested samples. Presence of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the solid dispersions
led to the same results as the corresponding placebo results. First experiments analysing
the passive diffusion of both APIs in HBSS (Mg
2+
, Ca
2+
), evaluated as suitable transport
medium, have shown promising results regarding the suitability of the phospholipid vesicle-
based barrier for investigation of solid dispersions.
Conclusions The study indicated that the phospholipid vesicle-based barrier was compat-
ible with selected melt extrudate formulations. The model seemed capable to reveal different
transport routes in comparison with Caco-2 cell permeability tests.
Keywords artificial membrane; melt extrudate; permeability; poorly water-soluble drug;
surfactant
Introduction
The oral route is the preferred route of drug administration due to its cost efficiency,
convenience and patient compliance. In recent years, in-vitro permeability screening has
become an integral part of drug discovery regimes to pre-estimate oral absorption potential
of new drug compounds. Cell culture based models such as the Caco-2 cells, originating
from a human colon adenocarcinoma, and the Mardin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell
line are commonly used for investigation of passive and active transport properties of drug
compounds.
[1–3]
Furthermore, noncellular models based on lipids, such as the parallel arti-
ficial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) and immobilised artificial membranes (IAM),
have successfully been proven to assess passive absorption of active pharmaceutical ingre-
dients (APIs).
[4,5]
Recently, a novel model, the phospholipid vesicle-based barrier, has been introduced. It
has been shown to deliver a good correlation with in-vivo data for passive diffusion for a
diverse test set of model drugs.
[6]
The model is based on a tight barrier of phospholipid
vesicles, deposited on a filter support by centrifugation and partly fused by freeze–thaw
Research Paper
JPP 2010, 62: 1591–1598
© 2010 The Authors
JPP © 2010 Royal
Pharmaceutical Society of
Great Britain
Received February 11, 2010
Accepted July 2, 2010
DOI
10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01172.x
ISSN 0022-3573
Correspondence: Martin Brandl,
Department of Physics and
Chemistry, University of
Southern Denmark, Campusvej
55, DK-5230 Odense M,
Denmark.
E-mail: mmb@ifk.sdu.dk
1591