IJSRSET151555 | Received: 08 October 2015 | Accepted: 25 October 2015 | September-October 2015 [(1)5: 338-340]
© 2015 IJSRSET | Volume 1 | Issue 5 | Print ISSN: 2395-1990 | Online ISSN : 2394-4099
Themed Section: Science and Technology
338
Comparative Analysis of Milk Quality Collected from Holstein
Cows and Sicilo-Sarde Sheep Breed in Tunisia
Najjar A.*
1
, S. Ben Said
2
, M. Ben Mrad
1
*1
Departement of Animal Production, Carthage University, National Institute of Agronomy, Tunisia
2
Jendouba University, High School of Agricultural of Kef, Tunisia
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to compare the quality of milk produced from Tunisian Holstein cows and Sicilo-
Sarde ewes during their milking period. The experience concerned 80 Holstein (means age 5.2 years; mean weight =
530 kg) and 54 of Sicilo-Sarde ewes (mean age = 6 years; mean weight = 45 kg). The milk samples was taken from
the morning and the afternoon milking and added with potassium dichromate. Refrigerated samples were used to
determine milk content in fat (MG) and protein (MP) using Milkoscan 4000 after 24 hours of conservation for both
cows and ewes. ANOVA was carried using SAS software (version 1997). The results showed that for cows the
mean rate of fat (MG) and protein (MP) was respectively 3.3 ± 0.5 % and 3.4 ± 0.5 %. However, for ewe MG and
MP were respectively 7.3 ± 0.7 % and 6.3 ± 1.1 %. We found also that the milk component in MG and MP cow’s
varied during the milking period (p <0.05) compared to the milk ewe’s which present only a variation in MG
component during the milking period (p <0.05). Besides, the total milk production for ewes was affected by the sex
of foetus and the rank of milking (p <0.05). We conclude that the milk quality of Tunisian Sicilo-Sarde ewe contains
rates of fat and protein greater than those in Tunisian Holstein cows. The chemical quality of the two kinds of milks
is also affected by the stage of lactation. Moreover, milk ewe production is also affected by the sex of fœtus and the
rank of milking.
Keywords: Quality of Milk, Holstein Cows, Sicilo-Sarde Ewes, Fat, Protein
I. INTRODUCTION
Milk is the secretion result of mammary gland of the
mammal animals. It is complex and possesses many
chemical and physical components [1]. These later
varied among species. In fact, some studies reported that
cow milk contains 3.8% fat, 4.6% lactose, 3.1% proteins
and 87.5% water [2]. However, milk sheep contains 6%
fat, 5.2% proteins and 4.9% lactose [3]. The
components of the two kinds of milks are important not
only for the nourishment of young, but also for cheese
processing [4]. That’s why an analysis of milk quality of
the dairy cows and sheep is allowed to determine
differences in rate component and which factors
influencing the yield production [5].
In this context, our paper aims to compare the milk
quality of two Tunisian dairy species: cows and ewes.
II. METHODS AND MATERIAL
Animals
The study undertook on 80 Holstein cows (mean age =
5.2 years; mean heigh = 530 kg) and 54 Sicilo-Sarde
ewes (mean age = 6 years; mean heigh = 45 kg)
conducted respectively on intensive and semi-extensive
system in the north region of Tunisia. The cows were in
free stall housing.
Milk Sample Collection
Milk sample (20 ml) was taken during the milking
periods of cows and ewes. For dairy cows, milk samples
were taken twice a day, from the morning and the
afternoon milking. For dairy ewes, milk samples were
taken once a day, from the afternoon milking. Both kind
of samples were added with potassium dichromate and
refrigerated until the quality analysis.