Personal Accounts of the Negative
and Adaptive Psychosocial
Experiences of People With
Diabetes in the Second Diabetes
Attitudes, Wishes and Needs
(DAWN2) Study
DOI: 10.2337/dc13-2536
OBJECTIVE
To identify the psychosocial experiences of diabetes, including negative accounts
of diabetes and adaptive ways of coping from the perspective of the person with
diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Participants were 8,596 adults (1,368 with type 1 diabetes and 7,228 with type 2
diabetes) in the second Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN2) study.
Qualitative data were responses to open-ended survey questions about suc-
cesses, challenges, and wishes for improvement in living with diabetes and about
impactful experiences. Emergent coding developed with multinational collabora-
tors identified thematic content about psychosocial aspects. The k measure of
interrater reliability was 0.72.
RESULTS
Analysis identified two negative psychosocial themes: 1) anxiety/fear, worry
about hypoglycemia and complications of diabetes, depression, and negative
moods/hopelessness and 2) discrimination at work and public misunderstanding
about diabetes. Two psychosocial themes demonstrated adaptive ways of coping
with diabetes: 1) having a positive outlook and sense of resilience in the midst of
having diabetes and 2) receiving psychosocial support through caring and com-
passionate family, friends, health care professionals, and other people with
diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS
The personal accounts give insight into the psychosocial experiences and coping
strategies of people with diabetes and can inform efforts to meet those needs and
capitalize on strengths.
Diabetes can have a detrimental impact on well-being and psychological functioning
(1–5). Emotional distress, depression, and anxiety are common in people with
diabetes (2,6–9), and time of diagnosis can be particularly emotional (10,11).
However, improved psychosocial functioning may lead to better glycemic control
1
Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State
University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
2
Public Health Evidence and Insights, Global
Public Affairs, Novo Nordisk A/S, Copenhagen,
Denmark
3
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and
Metabolic Diseases, Avicenne Hospital, and
Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine
d’Ile-de-France, University Paris 13, Sorbonne
Paris Cit´ e, Bobigny, France
4
Interdisciplinary Health Research Academy,
Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
5
Healthy Lifestyle Institute, Centro Universitario
di Ricerca Interdipartimentale Attivit ` a Motoria,
University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
6
Departments of Family Medicine and Psychia-
try, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
7
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Primary and Interdisciplinary Care Antwerp, Uni-
versity of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
8
Steno Health Promotion Center, Steno Diabetes
Center, Gentofte, Denmark
9
Department of Sociology, Loyola University
Maryland, Baltimore, MD
Corresponding author: Heather L. Stuckey,
hstuckey@hmc.psu.edu.
Received 30 October 2013 and accepted 26 May
2014.
This article contains Supplementary Data online
at http://care.diabetesjournals.org/lookup/
suppl/doi:10.2337/dc13-2536/-/DC1.
© 2014 by the American Diabetes Association.
Readers may use this article as long as the work
is properly cited, the use is educational and not
for profit, and the work is not altered.
Heather L. Stuckey,
1
Christine B. Mullan-Jensen,
2
G´ erard Reach,
3
Katharina Kovacs-Burns,
4
Natalia Piana,
5
Michael Vallis,
6
Johan Wens,
7
Ingrid Willaing,
8
Søren E. Skovlund,
2
and Mark Peyrot
9
Diabetes Care 1
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Diabetes Care Publish Ahead of Print, published online June 27, 2014