Diabetes Research and Treatment:
Open Access
Received: Oct 07, 2014
Accepted: Oct 09, 2014
Published: Oct 11, 2014
Pramod Kumar
Consultant Plastic Surgeon, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Skakak, AlJouf, Saudi Arabia
The increasing rate of diabetes all around the globe is a major
concern today. As far as limb amputation is concerned, diabetes
around the globe results in one major limb amputation every 30
seconds, over 2500 limbs lost per day. In India alone, 40,000
amputations are performed annually [1]. In Saudi Arabia-
gradually becoming a major Problem [2]. The CDC estimates
that 23.6 million Americans currently have diabetes-7 percent of
the U.S. population-up from 18.2 million in 2003 [3]. Diabetes-
related amputations cost approximately three billion dollars per
year ($38,077 per amputation procedure) [4, 5]. With the rise of
diabetes diagnoses, there is also an expected rise in the number
of amputees.
CDC report finds large decline in lower-limb amputations
among U.S. adults with diagnosed diabetes
[http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2012/p0124_lower_limb.ht
ml]. The age-adjusted rate of non-traumatic lower limb
amputations was 3.9 per 1,000 people with diagnosed diabetes
in 2008 compared to 11.2 per 1,000 in 1996. Improvements in
blood sugar control, foot care and diabetes management, along
with declines in cardiovascular disease, are likely to have
contributed to the decline in leg and foot amputations among
people with diagnosed diabetes. This encourages us for
multidisciplinary care to save limb in place of amputate and
replace with artificial limb.
Apart from control of diabetes and prevention of ulcer by foot
care, there is needed to emphasize on early treatment of ulcer
under cover of newer dressing methods. Newer dressings like
moist wound healing, conventional continuous negative
pressure dressing, calcium alginate dressing and silver
impregnate dressings have promising results, but the treatment
cost increases sharply. Combination of moist healing and
intermittent negative pressure dressing like Limited Access
Dressing (LAD) [6, 7] appears to be a better economical tool for
limb salvage.
Problems of conventional surgical approach
When following ulceration, infection and tissue destruction
(necrosis/ gangrene) debridement is done, along with dead
tissue variable loss of amount of viable tissue in the process
cannot be avoided. This may expose vital structures (tendon,
bone, joint etc) and lead to desiccation of exposed tissue on
conventional dressing methods. Vicious cycle of Re-
debridement and tissue necrosis may set in that will lead to
minor/major amputations.
Hence a logical approach may be ultraconservative debridement
and protection of further necrosis by some means e.g. moist
dressing.
Ultraconservative approach of LAD
http://dx.doi.org/10.14437/DRTOA-1-108 Editorial Pramod Kumar, Diabetes Res Treat Open Access 2014, 1:2
How Limited Access Dressing is an Effective Tool for Limb
Salvage in Diabetic Patients?
*
Corresponding Author: Pramod Kumar, Consultant
Plastic Surgeon, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Skakak,
AlJouf, Saudi Arabia; E-mail: pkumar86@hotmail.com
Copyright: © 2014 DRTOA. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, Version 3.0, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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