1317 DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM VOLUME 57: 11 (2014) BACKGROUND: The primary aim of colonoscopy is a complete and thorough examination of the colon. There are a number of factors, however, that can potentially increase the difficulty of completing a colonoscopy. A significant proportion of women eligible for colorectal cancer screening have undergone hysterectomy. A history of hysterectomy is frequently considered to make colonoscopy more difficult, although there is no consensus in the literature. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of hysterectomy on colonoscopy completion. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane database identified 6 eligible studies. STUDY SELECTION: Studies that compared colonoscopy completion rates in women with a previous history of hysterectomy and women with no history of pelvic surgery were selected for review. INTERVENTION: Meta-analysis was performed by using random-effects methods. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome used was colonoscopy completion rate. The outcomes were calculated as odds ratio with 95% CI. RESULTS: A total of 5947 patients were included in the final analysis. The average hysterectomy rate was 26.3% ± 14.5%. The colonoscopy completion rate was significantly reduced in patients with a history of hysterectomy compared with those with no history of pelvic surgery (87.1% vs 95.5%) (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.16– 0.49; p < 0.001). Analysis of the funnel plot demonstrated nonsignificant across-study publication bias. There was significant across-study heterogeneity (Cochran Q, 19.6; p = 0.002). LIMITATIONS: The endoscopist's experience is poorly defined in some studies. Indication for colonoscopy was not provided in all cases. There is significant across-study heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: Colonoscopy completion rates appear decreased in women with a history of hysterectomy, but the available literature is heterogenous. Further studies in this area are warranted. KEY WORDS: Hysterectomy; Colonoscopy; Completion; Cecal intubation. T he primary aim of colonoscopy is a complete and thorough examination of the colon. To ensure that standards are achieved and maintained in centers performing screening colonoscopies, a number of qual- ity measures have been introduced by governing bodies such as the British Society of Gastroenterology and the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ire- land. Among these standards are a minimum number of colonoscopies per annum, adequate bowel preparation rates, and adequate sedation rates. 1 The key performance indicator of adequate colonoscopy is the cecal intubation rate. Cecal intubation rates of 90% (adjusted for poor bowel preparation and mechanical obstruction) and 95% have been recommended by the National Health Service (UK) and the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. 1,2 There are a number of factors, however, that can The Efect of Hysterectomy on Colonoscopy Completion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Cillian Clancy, M.B., B.Ch., M.R.C.S.I. 1 ฀•฀John฀P.฀Burke,฀Ph.D.,฀F.R.C.S.I. 1 Kah Hoong Chang, M.D., M.R.C.S.I 1 ฀•฀J.฀Calvin฀Coffey,฀Ph.D.,฀F.R.C.S.I 2 1 Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland 2 4i Centre for Interventions in Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland Dis Colon Rectum 2014; 57: 1317–1323 DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000000223 © The ASCRS 2014 Financial Disclosures: None reported. Correspondence: Cillian Clancy, M.B., B.Ch., M.R.C.S.I., Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. E-mail: clancyci@tcd.ie CURRENT STATUS