978-1-61284-779-5/11/$26.00 ©2011 IEEE
Throwing a monkey-wrench into the works:
Including radicals in the teaching of
technical/environmental writing
Laura Palmer
Southern Polytechnic State University
lpalmer2@spsu.edu
Abstract – This paper discusses how the inclusion of
environmental radicals in the teaching of
environmental writing in professional and technical
communication may benefit students’ critical thinking,
analysis, and reflection competencies. The origins and
positions of eco-terror organizations as juxtaposed to
the messages produced by government provide a
pivotal intersection through which students can be
introduced to the ideas of marginalized voices in
environmental thinking. Including studies of radical
rhetoric in an environmental writing curriculum
presents to students another point of view in the
discussion of the environment. Students can learn to
assess the validity of claims made by others and
develop the skills to identify real issues that exist in the
spaces between mainstream and alternative
environmental rhetorics.
Index Terms – Environmental writing, alternative voices, eco-
terrorism, radical rhetoric .
INTRODUCTION
Technical communication has a strong historical
linkage to environmental issues, especially in the areas of
advocacy, risk, and conservation [1] [2]. The role of
technical communicators in environmental
communication has been that of a bridge between the
sciences, technologies, and audiences interested in our
natural world. This role has been well defined by both
government and industry; today, as issues of sustainability
gain prevalence, the role of the technical communicator is
even more important.
Courses that intersect technical communication with
environmental issues do so, however, via a mainstream
framework. Rarely do courses examine alternative
environmental rhetorics in tandem with ideologies such as
eco-Marxism or anti-humanism and provide a model to
leverage technical communicators’ skills in the areas of
analysis, synthesis, and assessment. Yet, these skills for
analyzing alternative rhetorics and discourses, have never
been more important; we know too well this is a time in
which Thoreau’s idea of civil disobedience takes on a
darker patina of direct action.
Eco-terrorism and animals rights activism rank as the
number one domestic terror threat in the United States,
according to the FBI [3]. Of such significance is the
concern that the Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
released a 40-page report noting the rhetorical and media
sophistication of environmental militant groups. Most
technical communication classes, however, omit the
strategies and ideologies used to battle for the
preservation of people, animals, and resources. Courses
do not consider how the idea of eco-terror is promulgated
nor if the voices from this other side of environmentalism
reflect valid concerns. Rather, the focus of most courses
remains on teaching the reified genres related
communicating environmental issues through the public,
corporate, and governmental spheres.
Here, methods by which alternative environmental
discourses and ideologies can be included into classes that
focus on environmental writing and rhetoric, will be
highlighted. The goal is to make explicit the mechanisms
by which peaceful protest can become terrorism and to
examine cultural-ideological forces at work. The role of
the technical communicator as analyst will be considered
and expanded.
UNDERSTANDING ENVIRONMENTAL WRITING
Environmental writing covers a broad spectrum of
genres and purposes. Beginning with its more literary
roots in first-person rambles and descriptive narratives
captured from a nature walk, subjective experiences of
nature have always had a strong readership. As awareness
about the fragility of the environment began to grow,
starting with Roosevelt’s initiatives and moving forward
to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) in 1970 [4], new genres of environmental writing
were developed.
978-1-61284-779-5/11/$26.00 ©2011 IEEE