JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Vol. 34, No. 6, 691–707 (2006)
Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).
© 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. DOI: 10.1002/jcop.20124
A MODEL FOR THE INFLUENCE
OF MENTORING RELATIONSHIPS
ON YOUTH DEVELOPMENT
Jean E. Rhodes
University of Massachusetts, Boston
Renée Spencer
Boston University
Thomas E. Keller
University of Chicago
Belle Liang
Boston College
Gil Noam
Harvard University
Anecdotal reports of the protective qualities of mentoring relationships for
youth are corroborated by a growing body of research. What is missing,
however, is research on the processes by which mentors influence developmental
outcomes. In this article, we present a conceptual model of the mentoring
process along with a delineation of some of the current research on what makes
for more effective mentoring relationships. A set of recommendations for future
research is offered. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anecdotal reports of the protective qualities of mentoring relationships for youth are cor-
roborated by a growing body of research. However, few researchers have explored the
processes by which mentors influence developmental outcomes. In this article, we pres-
ent a conceptual model of the mentoring process, drawing from theory and research on
child and adolescent development and close relationships. Although we view the process-
es outlined in this model as generally applicable to mentoring relationships in childhood
and adolescence, we recognize that the effects of mentoring are likely to depend upon
the age and circumstance of the youth, as well as the quality and duration of the relation-
ship. Accordingly, we discuss issues in the development and assessment of mentoring
ARTICLE
Correspondence to: Jean E. Rhodes, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrisey
Blvd., Boston, MA 02105. E-mail: Jean.Rhodes@umb.edu