J Nurs Sci Vol.28 No.2 Apr - Jun 2010 Journal of Nursing Science 23 Examining the Relationships between Condom Use Self-efficacy and Condom Use among Mainland Chinese Sex Workers in Hong Kong Corresponding author : E.A.Holroyd E-mail: Eleanor.holroyd@rmit.edu.au Queenie M. H. Kwok RN BN MN Registered Nurse, Yaumatei Social Hygiene Service, Department of Health, Hong Kong. Janita P.C. Chau RN PhD Associate Professor, he Nethersole School of Nursing, he Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong. Eleanor A. Holroyd RN RM BAppSc GradDip (Mid) MAppSc (Nsg) PhD (Med Anthro) Professor, Discipline of Nursing and Midwifery, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia. J Nurs Sci 2010;28(2) 23 - 32 Abstract: Purpose: To examine the relationships between condom use self-eicacy and condom use among Mainland Chinese Female Sex Workers (FSWs). Design: Cross sectional survey. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 77 FSWs in red-light districts of Mongkok and Yaumatei in Hong Kong. Instrument of the study was Condom Use Self-Eicacy Scale (CUSES). Interviews were conducted in either Mandarin or Cantonese, transcribed and translated. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic, Spearman’s rho correlation, Kruskal Wallis test and Mann Whitney U Test. Main indings: Mean age of the Mainland Chinese sex workers was 22.57 years. he majority were single (78%) and most had either completed junior high school (46%) or senior high school (36%). he majority of female sex workers (FSW) (69%) had worked for less than 6 months. About 57% of the women had been involved in commercial sex transactions in Hong Kong within the past month. he overall mean scores of condom use self eicacy scale was 24.09, out of a total possible score of 35, suggesting that women had moderate conidence in condom use. Participants with higher school education levels had signiicantly higher CUSES scores when compared to participants with a lower educational level. hose reported using condoms with clients in every sex transaction had a higher CUSES scores. Conclusion and recommendations: he indings highlight the importance of developing condom negotiation strategies to motivate consistent condom use among high risk populations. Keywords: condom use, self-eicacy, sex workers, Chinese Queenie M. H. Kwok, Janita P.C. Chau, Eleanor A Holroyd