E.M.A.V. Fonseca et al. 1 All-trans and 9-cis retinoic acids, retinol and β-carotene chemopreventive activities during the initial phases of hepatocarcinogenesis involve distinct actions on glutathione S- transferase positive preneoplastic lesions remodeling and DNA damage Elaine Maria de Almeida Vasconcelos Fonseca, Carlos Eduardo Andrade Chagas, RogØrio Pietro Mazzantini, Renato Heidor, Thomas Prates Ong and Fernando Salvador Moreno 1 Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sªo Paulo, Sªo Paulo, SP, Brazil. 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed: Departamento de Alimentos e Nutriªo Experimental, Faculdade de CiŒncias FarmacŒuticas, Universidade de Sªo Paulo, Bloco 14, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, 05508-900, Sªo Paulo, SP, Brazil. Tel: 00 55 (11) 3091-3630, FAX 00 55 (11) 3815-4410, E-mail: RMORENO@USP.BR Running Title: Chemopreventive activities of all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acids, retinol and β- carotene. Abbreviations: 2-AAF, 2-acetylaminofluorene; AI, apoptosis index; AtRA, all-trans retinoic acid; βC, β-carotene; b.w., body weight; CO, corn oil; DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide; GST-P, placental glutathione S-transferase; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; H&E, hematoxylin-eosin; LI, labeling index; N, normal; 9cRA, 9-cis retinoic acid; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; PH, partial hepatectomy; PNL, preneoplastic lesions; RH, resistant hepatocyte; ROL, retinol. The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org Carcinogenesis Advance Access published June 23, 2005 by guest on November 17, 2015 http://carcin.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from