1 SANDER LESTRADE (Bremen), KEES DE SCHEPPER (Nijmegen) & JOOST ZWARTS (Utrecht) The distribution of labor between adpositions and case within complex spatial Pps Abstract This paper discusses a cross-linguistic sample of spatial PPs in languages that both have adpositions and case. It is shown that the distribution of labor within these potentially complex PPs follows from two general principles only. According to the principle of Grammaticalization, less frequent meaning elements should never be expressed by more grammatical means than more frequent ones. According to the principle of Compositionality, the syntactic construction should reflect the order of semantic func- tion application. The only viable spatial PP constructions according to these principles are those con- structions in which the P simultaneously expresses configuration and directionality, and constructions in which the P expresses configuration and the case marker on the P directionality. 1. Introduction In this paper we will discuss a cross-linguistic study of spatial PPs in languages that both have adpositions and case. Consider the following example from Finnish: Finnish (online CSC corpus 1 ) (1) Keitä mausteliemi, tarkista maku ja kaada kuumana cook marinade, check taste and pour while.hot sien-ten pää-lle. mushroom-PL.GEN on-ALL „Prepare the marinade, check the taste and pour it while still hot on the mushrooms.‟ In (1), the adposition type pää- „on‟, derived from the noun pää „head‟ (cf. Hagège 2010), assigns genitive case to its complement. In addition, it is marked with allative case itself. 1 https://hotpage.csc.fi