Int. J. Foresight and Innovation Policy, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2006 Copyright © 2006 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. 159 Transformation of the National Innovation System in Poland Marzenna Anna Weresa* and Marcin Gomulka Warsaw School of Economics, Al. Niepodleglosci 162, Warsaw 02-554, Poland E-mail: mweres@sgh.waw.pl E-mail: marcin.gomulka@sgh.waw.pl *Corresponding author Abstract: This paper uses the concept of the National Innovation System (NIS) to analyse recent changes in Poland’s institutional and policy framework. The analysis looks at innovation efforts as linked to broader macroeconomic and educational initiatives. This paper characterises current changes in the main components of NIS in Poland focusing on new measures of the innovation policy. The conclusions drawn on this assessment can be useful for policymakers as they allow identifying leverage points or weak links within the NIS. Moreover, some exemplary experiences described in this paper are transferable to other countries that are transforming their innovation systems. Keywords: innovation system; transformation; Poland; innovation policy. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Weresa, M.A. and Gomulka, M. (2006) ‘Transformation of the National Innovation System in Poland’, Int. J. Foresight and Innovation Policy, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp.159–174. Biographical notes: Marzenna Anna Weresa has a PhD and a DSc in Economics. She works as a Professor at the World Economy Research Institute, Warsaw School of Economics being the Institute’s Director and the Head of the Postgraduate Study Programme in Foreign Trade. Her research and academic teaching focus on international economics, in particular, on the issues related to innovation, technology transfer and foreign direct investment seen in the context of European integration as well as economic transition in Central Europe. She authored and co-authored more than 30 books and numerous papers concerning innovation, technology transfer, foreign direct investment and trade. Marcin Gomulka has an MSc in Economics. He is a junior researcher at the World Economy Research Institute (WERI), Warsaw School of Economics. His research concentrates on the area of innovation policy and information technologies. His lecturing topics include the management of innovations and intellectual property rights. He co-authored a patent policy analysis for Poland’s Ministry of Science and Education and is involved in WERI’s current European projects.