Ž . Forest Policy and Economics 2 2001 307318 Characterizing the sustainable forestry issue network in the United States Steverson O. Moffat a,  , Frederick W. Cubbage b , Thomas P. Holmes c , Elizabethann O’Sullivan d a USDA Forest Ser  ice Southern Research Station, Forest Resource Law and Economics, Room T-10034, 701 Loyola A e., New Orleans, LA 70113, USA b Department of Forestry, NC State Uni  ersity, Raleigh, NC 27695-8008, USA c USDA Forest Ser  ice Southern Research Station, Economics of Forest Protection and Management, P.O. Box 12254, 3041 E. Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2254, USA d Department of Political Science and Public Administration, N.C. State Uni  ersity, Raleigh, NC 27695-8102, USA Received 3 July 2000; received in revised form 4 December 2000; accepted 4 December 2000 Abstract Issue network analysis techniques were applied to the issue of sustainable forestry in the United States to identify potential public and private outcomes for the issue. A quantitative approach based on work by Laumann and Knoke  Ž . The Organizational State 1987 was utilized in conjunction with the Delphi method. Results suggest that the parity in the distribution of influence among network sectors means that moving the issue of sustainable forestry onto the formal policy agenda will require more consensus on problems and solutions than exists at the present time. Accordingly, broad policy actions resulting from the expansion of the issue of sustainable forestry are unlikely in the short-term. However, experts on the Delphi panel anticipate that changes will occur in response to sustainability issues. At the federal and state level, this is likely to result in changes to public forest management and to the objectives assigned to the USDA Forest Service and to the state forestry agencies. States are projected to draft new and to change old private forest practices regulations as a result of sustainable forestry concerns. In the private sector, the trend of applying criteria and indicator-based sustainable forestry management standards and certification programs will continue. Non-industrial private forest owners are projected to make the fewest direct accommoda- tions. Finally, where directly comparable, the Delphi study’s results were not significantly different from the quantitative approach, suggesting that Delphi has promise for network research applications.  2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Sustainable forestry; Issue networks; Delphi; US forest policy  Corresponding author. Tel.: 1-504-5897133; fax: 1-504-5893961. Ž . E-mail address: smoffat@fs.fed.us S.O. Moffat . 1389-934101$ - see front matter  2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Ž . PII: S 1 3 8 9 - 9 3 4 1 01 00033-8