Sensitivity of the Chinese Web: A Techno-
Semiotic Perspective into the Scriptural Economy
of Chinese Computerised Media
Allan Bahroun
his article intends to create a dialogue between ongoing discussions in French techno-semiotics and the
contemporary debates about the ‘Chinese Internet’. Resorting to Yves Jeanneret’s interpretation of Michel de
Certeau’s scriptural economy, the author demonstrates that a techno-semiotic approach to computerised writing
yields conceptual resources to disentangle the research on the Chinese Web from its ideological polarisation. he
text articulates three explanatory matrices to address the profound semiotic mutations characteristic of the
development of computerised media. he first matrix discusses the applicability of the scriptural economy to the
domain of computerised writing; the second produces a critical definition of the popular notion ‘sensitive words’
and more generally elaborates on the construction of ‘web sensitivity’; the third offers a series of documented
observations into the political economy of China’s Internet-Service Providers and presents hypotheses on the
dynamics of technological surveillance. hese three matrices, interwoven around the specific case of China’s
computerised media industries, allow the author to make a tentative contribution toward a broader reflection on
the semiotics of the Web.
KEYWORDS scriptural economy; techno-semiotics; web sensitivity; computerised devices; Chinese web
Introduction
here is neither a first nor a last word and there are no limits to the dialogic context [...] Nothing is
absolutely dead: every meaning will have its homecoming festival. (Bakhtin 1986)
… this is the last fragment written by Bakhtin in 1974 (Todorov 1981)
he story is written in the form of a diary, and the last entry, from 2025, ends with the
announcement: Comrades, in all online language there is only one term let: ‘sensitive word!’ (同志
们,现在所有网上的汉字只剩下‘敏感词’啦!). (GFW Story — GFW历史) (Li 2012)
A satire posted by a netizen on a social media site (Ash 2014)
On June 25, 2012, an Internet blogger published a short story about an augmented version of the ‘Great
Firewall’. he ‘GFW Turbo’ escapes the power of the authorities and starts censoring keywords automatically.
he agents of the ‘Anti-GFW Ministry’ are unable to regain control over the machine, which forbids the use of
the entire Chinese language, except for this very last phrase: ‘sensitive word’. Set against Bakhtin’s pithy last
word, the fictionally anticipated suppression of a whole language highlights the governmental hubris of trying to
block the dialogic character of language itself. he utopia implied in the former is the dread of the latter, and this
tension between infinite semiosis and the coercive management of meaning through technology, sets the tone
for our discussion.
Punctum, 1(1): 124-139, 2015
DOI: 10.18680/hss.2015.0009 Copyright © 2015 Allan Bahroun. Licenced under the Creative Commons
Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd).
Available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/