320 Int. J. Computer Applications in Technology, Vol. 33, No. 4, 2008
Copyright © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Multiagent system for learning objects retrieval
with context attributes
Ana-Belén Gil-González*
and Francisco García-Peñalvo
Sciences Faculty,
Department of Computer Science and Automation,
University of Salamanca,
Plaza de la Merced S/N, 37008, Salamanca, España
Fax: +34-923-294514
E-mail: abg@usal.es E-mail: fgarcia@usal.es
*Corresponding author
Abstract: Educational standards that include content metadata description for materials have
great potential for managing e-learning information and content units and facilitate their
interoperability and reutilisation. These open semantic and distance learning aspects contribute
new and important possibilities for online education systems. The Learning Objects (LOs)
paradigm focuses this new gap on the management and exchange of educational materials.
This paper presents an application approach to educational content recommendation based on
Learning Objects. It describes an architecture based on a multi-agent system with a bio-inspired
algorithm rooted in self-organisation theory. It supports the retrieval, search, selection and
composition of these LOs.
Keywords: multiagent system; LOs; learning objects; information recovery; semantic web;
e-learning.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Gil-González, A-B. and García-Peñalvo, F.
(2008) ‘Multiagent system for learning objects recovery with context attributes’,
Int. J. Computer Applications in Technology, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp.320–326.
Biographical notes: A.B. Gil-González holds a MCS from the University of Salamanca (Spain)
where she is currently pursuing her PhD in Computer Science. She is currently an Assistant
Professor in the Department of Computer Science, University of Salamanca. Her current research
interests include applied semantic web, software agents, human-computer interaction and
community-enabling technology.
F. García-Peñalvo graduated from the University of Valladolid with a Degree in Computer
Science and later received his PhD from the University of Salamanca. He is currently a Senior
Lecturer in the Department of Computer Science of the University of Salamanca. He leads the
GRoup of InterAction & eLearning (GRIAL), a research group whose main lines of work are
Man-machine interaction, web engineering, software engineering, educational computing and
communications theory.
1 Introduction
The growth of the web has made it the largest repository
of information that has ever existed. Its large size, together
with the heterogeneity of the information that it contains,
poses serious limitations when performing searches and
retrieving information of interest. The development of
the semantic web is a promising advance in the transition
from the current web to the generation of well-described
and structured contents. It is evident that organising all
the information by specialised domains, establishing
ontologies of consensus, is currently a Utopian concept.
However, much effort has been made in this sense, with
the development of languages, tools, standards and
infrastructures that provide the possibility of generating
software tools that will permit contents to be drawn up,
facilitate effective and automated management of large
volumes of information, and so on, with semantic contents.
One of the main foci of the direct application of
the semantic web is being developed around educational
resources on the web, opening up an important possibility
for improving online education systems. Of special
relevance are works related to the paradigm of so-called
Learning Objects (LOs). Educational standards are being
worked on which permit the generation and retrieval of
all related information, educational modelling languages
that describe the resources with metadata in order
to facilitate the interoperability and reuse of components
for diverse platforms, and that permit contents to be
structured in a way so as to attend to their pedagogical
meaning in an instructional context.