Dadan Rohdiana et al., (2014) Int. J. Res. Pharm. Sci., 5(4), 239‐242
©JK Welfare & Pharmascope Foundation | International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 239
Isolation of xanthine oxidase inhibitor compounds of pekoe fanning black tea
and their activity on interferon‐γ production in vivo
Dadan Rohdiana*
1,2
, Asep Gana Suganda
1
, Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna
1
, Maria Immaculata Iwo
1
1
Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona, Gambung PO BOX 1013 Bandung 40010 Indonesia
2
School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia
ABSTRACT
Isolation of bioactive compounds on pekoe fanning black tea was done. The isolation was guided by xanthine oxi‐
dase (XO) inhibitory activity test. On the fractionation and separation steps, the ethyl acetate fraction and subfrac‐
tion (SB)‐3 had greater on XO activity with percentage of inhibition 71.38% and 74.49% respectively. The purifica‐
tion steps obtained four compounds and they were identified by spectral data of UV‐Vis,
1
H‐NMR, MS, and
13
C‐
NMR. From spectral data the compounds were known as kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin and myricetin. All iso‐
lates were assayed by XO inhibitory and their activity on interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) production in vivo. Luteolin demon‐
strated the greatest of XO inhibitory activity with IC
50
5.06 µg/ml. On IFN‐γ production indicated that quercetin
demonstrated the greatest ability with IFN‐ γ production 14.45 pg/ml.
Keywords: Flavonoids; IFN‐γ; Isolation; Pekoe Fanning; Xanthine Oxidase
INTRODUCTION
Xanthine Oxidase (XO) is a member of the xanthine
oxidoreductase (XOR) group, found in mammals at
highest concentration within the liver and intestine
(Hearse et al., 1986). Under normal condition, the pre‐
dominant mammalian XOR is xanthine dehydorogen‐
ase (XDH), but around 10% of the group is found as XO.
However, under ischemic conditions, where oxygen is
limited, XDH is converted to XO via limited proteolysis.
Both XDH and XO convert hypoxanthine to uric acid via
xanthine (Lin et al., 2000).
Plants were used by people for the treatment of gout,
or diseases with associated symptomtps such as rheu‐
matism or arthritis. XO inhibitors were found in a wide
variety of plants used in traditional herbal medicines
for the treatment of gout and rheumatism (Owen and
Johns, 1999). One of the most plant documented well
as XO inhibitor is tea, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze.
Bahorun et al., (2009) was reported that black tea suc‐
cessfully reduces uric acid in humans susceptible to
cardiovascular diseases. Among types of tea, black tea
was the most potent “tea” to inhibit XO (Dew et al.,
2005). However, limited investigations grade of black
tea on XO inhibitory activity were reported.
Our previous research was evaluated activities of 15
grades Indonesia black tea on XO inhibitory and im‐
munostimulant effect through carbon clearance test to
determine fagocyty index as selular natural immune
system. Among 15 grades were evaluated, PF shown
the best on both of activities (Rohdiana, et al., 2014).
Furthermore PF will be evaluated its activity on hu‐
moral natural immune system. One of the most hu‐
moral natural immune system was documented well is
interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ). Therefore the aim of this research
was to isolate of XO inhibitor compounds of pekoe
fanning black tea and its activity on IFN‐γ production in
vivo.
Figure 1: Kaempferol
Figure 2: Quercetin
Figure 3: Luteolin
www.ijrps.pharmascope.org
ISSN: 0975‐7538
Research Article
* Corresponding Author
Email: rohdiana@yahoo.com
Contact: +62‐81‐70232473 Fax: +62‐22‐5928186
Received on: 05‐07‐2014
Revised on: 07‐12‐2014
Accepted on: 10‐12‐2014