International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Trials, ISSN:2051-8293, Vol., Issue. 1 © RECENT SCIENCE PUBLICATIONS ARCHIVES |February 2014|$25.00 | 27703104| *This article is authorized for use only by Recent Science Journal Authors, Subscribers and Partnering Institutions* Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Anti- Inflammatory Properties of the Gum of Acacia Nilotica from Southeast of Morocco Latifa El Mansouri LPAMSN, National Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, LAMEC, Faculty of Sciences Email: lati64mn@hotmail.com Dalila Bousta LPAMSN, National Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Email: boustadalila@gmail.com Mounyr Balouiri LPAMSN, National Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Email: b.mounyr@gmail.com Abdessalam El Khanchoufi LPAMSN, National Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Email: elkhanchoufi@yahoo.fr Rivero-Pérez MD Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Spain. Email: drivero@ubu.es Gonzalez-Sanjosé ML Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Spain. Email: marglez@ubu.es Naima Chahmi LPAMSN, National Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Email: chahmi.naima@yahoo.fr Sanae Achour Toxicology Unit, CHU-Fez, Morocco, Email: achoursanae@gmail.com Bahia Bennani Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine –Fez. Email: bahia_bc@yahoo.fr ABSTRACT Gum of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd.ex Delille was used in the traditional medicine in the region of Errachidia (South of Morocco) for the treatment of inflammatory conditions such as joint pain to rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. This study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of the extract of Acacia nilotica gum and compare two pathways of administration: topical and oral The extract was obtained by decoction, dosed at 1 g/kg body weight (b.w.) of the rats and evaluated by oral and topical administration. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was tested by oral administration at different doses (200, 400, 600 and 1000 mg/kg, b.w.). Antioxidant profile of the extract of Acacia nilotica gum is evaluated through the application of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) methods: ABTS FRAP, DPPH and also HRSA and inhibition of damage to DNA methods. The dose of 1g /kg, b. w. shows the best anti-inflammatory effect, about 80% of inhibition of rat edema paws in comparison with indomethacin, which leads us to formulate syrup and cream. The syrup effect is more interesting than cream and more powerful than indomethacin. The extract of acacia gum shows also a significant capacity to inhibit damage to DNA and to increase hydroxyl radical scavenger activity (51.99%). Syrup and cream formulated from the gum of Acacia nilotica have respectively a better anti-inflammatory effect compared to drugs reference with a fewer side effects. This is due probably to The ability of phenolic compounds and mucilage gum to scavenge free radicals produced during the inflammatory process. Keywords - Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd.ex Delille, Natural anti-inflammatory, mucilages, total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, damage of DNA, phytochemical screening, traditional medicine. 1. INTRODUCTION Approximately 80% of the world's population uses plants for their primary care [1]. Plants are recognized for their ability to produce secondary metabolites, and people have