_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: Email: olaniyi2oguns@gmail.com; Original Research Article Journal of Global Agriculture and Ecology 4(4): 168-175, 2016 ISSN: 2454-4205 International Knowledge Press www.ikpress.org EFFECT OF FOOD TYPE ON TOLERANCE OF Callosobruchus maculatus FROM DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS TO THE OIL EXTRACT OF Fagara zanthoxyloides MERCY OLAYINKA ONI 1 , OLANIYI CHARLES OGUNGBITE 2* AND JOY EJEMEN IDOKO 1 1 Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. 2 Centre for Continuing Education, University Advance Basic Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS This work was carried out in collaboration between all the three authors. The three authors designed the research. The author OCO carried out the statistical analysis of the data obtained from the research and interpret the result while the all the authors write the write-up. The authors read and approved the final manuscript. Received: 2 nd October 2015 Accepted: 23 rd October 2015 Published: 19 th November 2015 __________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Both biotic and abiotic factors have been noted to have effect on response of insects to insecticides. This study therefore evaluated the effect of food type and geographical locations on the tolerance of Callosobruchus maculatus to oil extract of Fagara zanthoxyloides under laboratory temperature of 28±2°C and 75±5% relative humidity. The insects were collected from four different states within the south-western region of Nigeria and they were fed with Ife-Brown and IT96-610 cowpea variety. The effect of the oil extract on survival, oviposition rate and emergence of the adult insect varied with type of food and geographical locations. The insect fed with IT96-610 appeared to significantly tolerance to the oil of F. zanthoxyloides (P = 0.05) while insect from Osun state also showed more tolerance to the oil extract than those from other three locations. Regression analysis showed that the amount of oil extract required to 50 and 95% mortality of the C. maculatus varied with the types of food and geographical locations. Keywords: Food type; geographical locations; Fagara zanthoxyloides; Callosobruchus maculates; cowpea; Ife- brown; IT96-610. 1. INTRODUCTION Food security is a major determinant of nation’s security as it roles in achieving national security cannot be overemphasized. In fact there can be no national security without food security because there is strong nexus between food and national security [1]. However, many governments of the countries of the world pay more attention to national security while neglecting food security without considering the bond between these two factors (food and national security). In Nigeria for example, the current security challenges facing the country have been linked to high level of hunger as more than 54.6 millions of the