IRJMSH Vol 6 Issue 6 [Year 2015] ISSN 2277 – 9809 (0nline) 2348–9359 (Print) International Research Journal of Management Sociology & Humanity ( IRJMSH ) Page 369 www.irjmsh.com EFFECT OF PILATES CALISTHENICS AND COMBINATION OF PILATES AND CALISTHENICS EXERCISE ON SELF-CONCEPT & SELF-ESTEEM OF SCHOOL BOYS Dr Rajeev Srivastava Teacher Gorakhpur (U. P.) Abstract The purpose of study was to determine the effect of Pilates Calisthenics and Combination of Pilates and Calisthenics Exercise on Self-Concept & Self-Esteem on School Boys. To achieve the purpose of the study Sixty (60) school boys studying in Raj English School of Sarnath, Varanasi, and U.P. region were selected as subject at randomly and their range of age is between 14 to 17years. The study was confined to the following Self-Concept & Self-Esteem variables. Self-Concept was measured by Self-concept questionnaire (Mukta Rani Rastogi) and the scoring of each questionnaire was done separately according to the standard norms provided by the respective scales. Self-Esteem was measured by State self-esteem questionnaire (Heatherton, T.F. & Polivy). To find out the variance in the selected criterion variables due to the application of independent variables, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was applied and the level of significance was set at the 0.05 on each criterion variables. The above result indicated that experimental group (Pilates, Calisthenics and Combined exercise group) were significantly improved the Self-Concept & Self-Esteem, when compared with the control group. It was also indicated that combined experimental group IV had significantly improved the self-concept & self-esteem greater than the other two experimental groups when compared with the control group. Keywords: Pilates exercise, Calisthenics exercises, Self-Concept & Self-Esteem Introduction Pilates, a method of exercise developed by Joseph Pilates during World War I, can help children grow stronger and improve their flexibility. Its original purpose was to help bedridden patients develop strength. Pilates is a system of physical and mental conditioning that can enhance your physical strength, flexibility and co-ordination as well as reduce stress, improve mental focus faster an improved sense of well being. Calisthenics Exercise Calisthenics originated in ancient Greece and linked to Greco Roman gymnastics. Calisthenics exercises are a form of exercise consisting of a variety of simple, often rhythmical, movement, intend to increase body strength and flexibility with movements such asbending, jumping, swinging, twisting, kicking, using only one‟s body weight for resistance. Calisthenics when performed vigorously and with variety can benefit both muscular and cardiovascular fitness, in addition to improving psychomotor skills such as balance, agility and coordination.