Sociology Compass 10/1 (2016), 12–23, 10.1111/soc4.12342 The Collateral Consequences of Prisonization: Racial Sorting, Carceral Identity, and Community Criminalization Patrick Lopez-Aguado * Department of Sociology, Santa Clara University Abstract In this paper, I employ analyses of the collateral consequences of mass incarceration to consider how high- incarceration communities are impacted by socializing processes instilled in the prison. Collateral consequences researchers have found that neighborhoods with high rates of incarceration suffer cumula- tive disadvantage, intensified policing, and the criminalization of residents. But overlooked in this literature is how socializing processes that are institutionalized in the prison shape the criminalization of community residents as gang-involved. For example, I argue that the fallout of sorting imprisoned Latinos into gang-associated groups has been the emergence of prison-based Norteña/o, Sureña/o, and Bulldog identities in criminalized Chicana/o neighborhoods, complicating the implications mass incarceration has for marginalized communities of color. The geographic concentration of both mass incarceration and its collateral consequences not only directs aggressive policing into these residential spaces but also structures a relationship between prison and neighborhood that reinforces the recognition of community members as criminal. The appearance of Norteña/o, Sureña/o, and Bulldog identities in Latina/o neighborhoods represents some of the unanticipated consequences mass incarceration has for high-incarceration commu- nities, both in terms of the exportation of prison culture to the street and in terms of the extension of the prison’s ability to define and construct criminality. Introduction In this paper, I propose expanding discussions of the collateral consequences of mass incarcera- tion to consider how high-incarceration communities are impacted by socializing processes instilled in the prison. Collateral consequences researchers have found that neighborhoods with high rates of incarceration suffer cumulative disadvantage, intensified policing, and the crimi- nalization of residents. But overlooked in this literature is how socializing processes that are in- stitutionalized in the prison shape the criminalization of community residents as gang-involved. For example, I argue that the fallout of sorting imprisoned Latinos into gang-associated groups has been the emergence of prison-based Norteña/o, Sureña/o, and Bulldog identities in crim- inalized Chicana/o neighborhoods, complicating the implications mass incarceration has for marginalized communities of color. In the sections that follow, I outline how this relates to existing bodies of literature that address mass imprisonment’s social impact. I first review research examining the geographic concentration of both mass incarceration and its collateral consequences into marginalized communities. Next, I turn to discussing how community criminalization has become a significant part of these collateral consequences; concentrated incarceration not only directs aggressive policing into affected neighborhoods but also structures a relationship between prison and neighborhood that reinforces the recognition of residents as criminal. Finally, I discuss the case of Norteña/os, Sureña/os, and Bulldogs as an example of how the socialization of criminalized identities in the prison spills over into high-incarceration communities. The appearance of these identities in Latina/o neighborhoods represents some of © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.