IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 3, Issue 01, 2015 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613 All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 461 Enrichment of LPG in Gasoline Blends- A Technical Review Vikas Rai 1 Ritesh Kumar Ranjan 2 Prof. R J Jani 3 Prof. Vipul R Bhatt 4 3,4 Professor 1,2,3,4 Department of Mechanical Engineering 1,2,3,4 L. D. Engineering College Abstract— Pollution from the petroleum oil increases day by day in terms of CO2, CO, NOX, PM and many other gases and particles. Price difference and economy leads people toward the use of alternative fuels. To overcome this problem Tri-fuel is the best suitable fuel for the IC engine because of its clean emission characteristics. The present study focused on non-petroleum renewable and non- polluting fuels to be used for I.C engines. The tri-fuel is assortment of petrol, butanol blend and LPG gas. It is found that power produced by the Tri-fuelled engine is more and lower NOx emissions compare to Gasoline engine because of the high volumetric efficiency, high compression ratio. Key words: tri-fuel, petrol, butanol, lpg I. INTRODUCTION The use of fossil fuel is increasing drastically due to its consumption in all consumer activities. The high utility of fossil fuel depleted its existence, degraded the environment and led to reduction in underground carbon resources. Hence the search for alternative fuels is paying attention for making, sustainable development, energy conservation, efficiency and environmental preservation, hasbecome highly pronounced now a days [1-3] . The worldwide reduction of underground carbin resources can be substituted by the bio-fuels. The SI and CI engines are the major contributors of the GHG. The main researchers around the world are finding the alternate fuel that should have the least impact on the environmental degradation. Rudolf Diesel patented an engine design for used dual fuel system [4-6]. The present fuel system involves the adaptation of Rudolf with diesel as a single fuel. The emission of COX is unavoidable in fuel combustion systems. An attempt has been made to develop a tri fuel system without additives in conventional C.I engines to achive biofuel and to reduce emission of Pollutants. II. LPG IN SI ENGINE Lawankar[5] studied on Comparative Study of Performance of LPG Fuelled Si Engine at Different Compression Ratio and Ignition Timing .The alternative fuel like CNG and LPG has been used widely used in the transport sector. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is among the many alternatives proposed to replace gasoline in the short term due to its excellent characteristics as a fuel for spark ignition (SI) engines As it is known, India is one of the country which is seriously affected by vehicular emission. In present work brake thermal efficiency of LPG fuelled engine is compared with that of gasoline at different compression ratio and ignition timing. The engine used in the study was a single cylinder, water cooled, four-stroke, naturally aspirated diesel engine converted to operate as spark ignition mode with a maximum rated power output of 2 kW at 1500 rev/min. and provision was made to conduct the experiment at different compression ratio , different fuels (LPG and Gasoline) and at ignition timing. As LPG is gaseous fuel volumetric efficiency affects the performance of engine.LPG fuelled engine has lower efficiency as lower compression ratio.Ignition timing has influence on the brake thermal efficiency and it was observed that the efficiency at part and peak found to be higher at 20ºBTDC for gasoline fuelled engine and at 30ºBTDC for LPG fuelled engine for all compression ratio. Thirumal [6] carried out Experimental investigations to measure performance and emissions of single cylinder four-stroke spark ignition engine at full throttling position of engine and different load conditions is used to different fuels (Gasoline and LPG) at various compression ratios (4.67:1,5.49:1).The engine performance studies were conducted with engine setup. Parameters like brake power, brake fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency were calculated. The test result indicated that LPG fuel have closer performance to Gasoline fuel. However, the brake specific energy consumption shows an improvement with LPG as a fuel replacement. The concentration levels of CO, CO2 and unburnt HC recorded are found to be lower than the gasoline and diesel fueled engine. Emissions from LPG vehicles are significantly lower than conventionally fueled vehicles. LPG operated vehicle reported hydrocarbon (HC) emissions as 40% lower, carbon monoxide (CO) as 60% lower and carbon dioxide (CO2) as substantially reduced. In addition, since LPG has lower carbon content than gasoline, it virtually produces zero emissions of particulate matter and lower amount of NOx emission as well. Conclusion arise from experimental study are, as compression ratio increases, brake thermal efficiency increases. LPG has a higher octane rating and hence the engine can run effectively at relatively high compression ratios without knock. The CO and HC emissions increase as the compression ratio, speed, and load increase. In the case of using LPG in SI engines, the burning rate of fuel is increased, and thus, the combustion duration is decreased. Therefore, the cylinder pressures and temperatures Predicted for LPG is higher compared to gasoline. LPG is free of lead and has very low sulphur content. Combustion of gaseous fuels like LPG occurs in a nearly uniform fuel air mixture leading to a reduction in incomplete combustion deposits such as soot on the walls of combustion chamber. When using Gasoline fuel the BSEC consumption values slightly lower than the using LPG fuel. Because the C.V. of Gasoline is (43MJ/Kg) and diesel is (42 MJ/Kg) less compared to the LPG (46.1MJ/Kg).When load increase on the engine the CO, HC and CO2 emissions also increase. However, these emissions higher for Gasoline and diesel with compared with LPG. III. USE OF MULTI-FUELS IN SI ENGINE D.Kumaran [1] studied on non-petroleum renewable and non-polluting fuels to be used for I.C engines. The tri-fuel is