WIFE, LOVER, WOMAN: THE IMAGE OF
HANSI BRAND IN ISRAELI PUBLIC DISCOURSE
Sharon Geva
This gender-oriented historical study analyzes the image of Hansi Brand
(Budapest, 1912—Tel Aviv, 2000), a member of the Jewish Relief and
Rescue Committee in Budapest during World War II. After the Nazi
occupation of Hungary, Brand—together with Rezso Kasztner and Joel
Brand—took part in the negotiations with Adolf Eichmann and other Nazi
officials for halting the deportation of Hungarian Jews. In the 1950s, these
negotiations were at the center of a major public controversy that became
known as the Kasztner Affair. Despite the central role she played in these
events, Hansi Brand was marginalized in the Israeli public discourse.
She was described as depending on men—her husband, Joel Brand, and
her so-called lover, Kasztner. I explore the reasons for this dissonance
and demonstrate that Hansi Brand’s public image corresponded to and
engaged with the gender roles prevailing in Israeli society and with its
memory of the Holocaust.
In the early years of the State of Israel, the Israeli public encountered a woman with a
personal Holocaust story that differed from Holocaust stories told in Israel until then.
She told her story in the first person. When she described her actions as a member of
the Aid and Rescue Committee in Budapest, and her own part in operations aimed
at rescuing masses of Jews from the transports to Auschwitz, she often felt that an
explanation or almost an apology was required. She was eager to show that Jewish
individuals who acted to rescue their fellow-Jews by negotiating with German officials
had defied the reality imposed on Jews in Hungary during the war, in adherence to the
biblical precept to “choose life” (Deut. 30:19).
Hansi Brand had spent the war years in Budapest, a married woman with two
small sons. After the war she moved to Israel, where she worked as a housemother in
a children’s home. In 1964 she lost her husband, and one of her sons died at a young
age. She never remarried, and she stayed in her small apartment in south Tel Aviv,
where she died on the eve of Passover, 2000, aged 88. Throughout her years in Israel,
Hansi Brand told her story in public several times: She appeared as a witness in an
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