ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Evaluation of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
assessment test for measurement of health-related quality of life
in patients with interstitial lung disease
KAZUMA NAGATA, KEISUKE TOMII, KOJIRO OTSUKA, RYO TACHIKAWA, KYOKO OTSUKA,
JUNPEI TAKESHITA, KOSUKE TANAKA, TAKESHI MATSUMOTO AND KAZUYA MONDEN
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
ABSTRACT
Background and objective: A well-validated instru-
ment that is simple to use is needed to assess health-
related quality of life in patients with interstitial lung
disease (ILD). The COPD assessment test (CAT) is a
recently introduced, short and simple questionnaire
for COPD patients, which shows good and valid mea-
surement properties. This study was conducted to
evaluate the validity of the CAT in patients with ILD.
Methods: Patients with ILD (n = 55) completed the
CAT and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire
(SGRQ). These patients also completed the Medical
Research Council (MRC) dyspnoea scale, the Leicester
Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), and the hospital anxiety
and depression scale; performed 6-min walk tests and
pulmonary function tests; and provided samples for
arterial blood gas analysis.
Results: There was a very strong correlation
between the CAT score and the SGRQ total score
(r = 0.93, P < 0.0001). The CAT score was also signifi-
cantly correlated with the SGRQ symptoms score
(r = 0.74, P < 0.0001), the SGRQ activity score (r = 0.87,
P < 0.0001) and the SGRQ impact score (r = 0.89,
P < 0.0001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis
demonstrated that the MRC and LCQ scores contrib-
uted most to both the CAT score and the SGRQ total
score.
Conclusions: The CAT is a short and simple question-
naire that shows good and valid measurement proper-
ties for assessing the health status of patients with ILD.
Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
assessment test, dyspnoea, health-related quality of
life, interstitial lung disease, St. George’s Respiratory
Questionnaire.
INTRODUCTION
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a chronic, progressive
disease that is associated with increased morbidity
and mortality.
1
ILD is associated with many symp-
toms, including shortness of breath and cough, and as
the disease progresses, these symptoms impair the
patient’s quality of life.
2,3
In the management of this disease, clinicians tend
to focus on physiological parameters, which are of
limited interest to patients; they are most interested
and familiar with their functional capacity and well-
being. It is crucial to obtain complete information on
the impact of ILD on the health status of patients,
including daily symptoms, limitation of activities and
other manifestations of the disease. This information
is often referred to as the health-related quality of life
(HRQL), which assesses a patient’s satisfaction across
a wide range of life domains.
There are some generic and condition-specific
instruments that measure HRQL. There have been
several reports relating to HRQL in patients with
ILD.
3–9
The St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire
(SGRQ) was originally designed and validated for use
in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD),
10
and it has also been validated for
use in patients with ILD.
6,11,12
Furthermore, Yorke et al.
developed and validated an idiopathic pulmonary
fibrosis (IPF)-specific version of the SGRQ.
7
These instruments make it easy to gather informa-
tion about the impact of the disease on patients.
However, they are lengthy and involve scoring algo-
rithms that are too complex for routine use in clinical
Correspondence: Kazuma Nagata, Department of Respiratory
Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 4-6
Minatojima-nakamachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0046, Japan. Email:
kazuma_n1101@yahoo.co.jp
Received 20 September 2011; invited to revise 16 October
2011; revised 20 October 2011; accepted 27 October 2011 (Asso-
ciate Editor: David Hui).
SUMMARY AT A GLANCE
In this study, the validity of the COPD assessment
test (CAT) was evaluated in patients with intersti-
tial lung disease. The CAT score was strongly cor-
related with the St. George’s Respiratory
Questionnaire score and was influenced by the
same variables.
© 2012 The Authors
Respirology © 2012 Asian Pacific Society of Respirology
Respirology (2012) 17, 506–512
doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2012.02131.x