Aminolysis of Bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amido]iron and -cobalt as a
Versatile Route to N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes
Andreas A. Danopoulos,* Pierre Braunstein, Neoklis Stylianides, and Marcel Wesolek
Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Universite ́ de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal,
F-67081 Strasbourg Cedex, France
* S Supporting Information
ABSTRACT: A range of new N-heterocyclic carbene complexes
of iron(II) and cobalt(II) have been conveniently obtained by the
aminolysis of bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amido]iron and -cobalt
precursors with imidazol(in)ium salts. Whereas sterically less
hindered salts produced the tetrahedral complexes [M-
(carbene)
2
Cl
2
] (M = Fe), bulkier salts gave the three-coordinate
[M(carbene){N(SiMe
3
)
2
}Cl] (M = Fe, Co), which serve as
versatile precursors to a range of derivatives; mechanistic aspects
of the reaction are discussed.
T
he chemistry of the N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of
iron and cobalt is less developed than that of other
transition metals. Recently, important catalytic reactions have
been reported in which the in situ formed catalyst, from an
imidazolium salt and a basic organometallic reagent in the
presence of iron or cobalt precursors, is presumably an N-
heterocyclic carbene metal complex.
1,2
Furthermore, a few
examples where well-defined iron NHC complexes are involved
in catalytic transformations
3-6
or structurally mimicking [FeFe]
hydrogenase enzymes have also appeared.
7,8
However, the
majority of well-characterized NHC complexes of Fe and Co
bear carbonyl,
9-11
cyclopentadienyl,
3,11-16
or nitrosyl
17
stabi-
Received: October 10, 2011
Published: December 2, 2011
Scheme 1. Summary of the NHC Complexes Obtained by
Aminolysis of [M{N(SiMe
3
}
2
] (M = Fe, Co) with Azolium
Salts
a
a
Legend: (i) 2 equiv per Fe of azolium salt in THF, room temperature,
12 h; (ii) 1 equiv of 1,3-bis(tert butyl)imidazolinium chloride, toluene,
room temperature, 12 h; (iii) 1 equiv of azolium or azolinium chloride,
toluene, room temperature, 12 h.
Figure 1. Molecular structure of 1b. Selected bond lengths (Å) and
angles (deg): C(1)-Fe(1), 2.132(3); C(1)-N(1), 1.348(3); C(1)-
N(2), 1.349(3); N(1)-C(1)-N(2), 106.0(2); C(1)#1-Fe(1)-C(1),
103.33(13); Cl(1)#1-Fe(1)-Cl(1), 106.90(4); C(1)#1-Fe(1)-
Cl(1), 104.90(7).
Communication
pubs.acs.org/Organometallics
© 2011 American Chemical Society 6514 dx.doi.org/10.1021/om200951m | Organometallics 2011, 30, 6514-6517