Abstract — This position paper presents starting research on
assessment of ICT system characteristics and their impact on
controllability and observability of future electricity distribution
grids. The aspects of controllability and observability for active
grids are key factors for guaranteeing safe, efficient and reliable
network operation. An assessment framework is proposed for
analyzing the impact of ICT system quality on controllability and
observability of the power distribution grid.
The proposed assessment method is based on architectural
models extended with a probabilistic inference analysis engine.
For this, a combination between Enterprise Architecture meta-
models and extended influence diagrams are proposed. The
paper presents how the framework is constructed and the
method on applying it for analysis. The paper is concluded with
an example providing an instantiation of the assessment
framework.
Index Terms—ICT Quality, ICT Infrastructure, System
Analysis, Quality Assessment, Enterprise Architecture.
I. INTRODUCTION
N the near future distribution grid operators will face new
challenges and requirements for monitoring and controlling
their system. Due to the integration of distributed energy
resources into the distribution grid, the former paradigm of
uni-directional flow of power from the transmission grid is
changing. This implies that previously implemented
automation, control and supervision functionality needs to be
revised to ensure safe and reliable operation. From a system
operation perspective, it can be said that the observability and
controllability of the distribution grids changes [1].
When the concept of active distribution grids are discussed
the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
is often stated as critical [2]. Without a proper ICT
infrastructure capable of supporting the future functionality,
controllability and observability of the distribution grid will
not be achieved. However, it is much less common for the
characteristics of this supporting ICT infrastructure to be
discussed or analyzed. It is often assumed that the
contemporary high speed of development within the ICT field
will provide the necessary tools and systems for operation of
the future distribution grid. With the increased
This work was supported by EKC² - The Swedish centre of Excellence in
Electric Power Engineering.
J. Konig and L. Nordstrom are with the department of Industrial
Information & Control Systems, School of Electrical Engineering, KTH – The
Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, SWEDEN. (phone: +46-
8-790 6824; e-mail :{johank | larsn}@ics.kth.se).
interdependence between the distribution system and the ICT
infrastructure, proper assessment of ICT system characteristics
are critical in order not to risk the reliability of the power
system.
Architectural modeling is a well-recognized approach in
the ICT community for describing and understanding complex
systems. A variety of models can be found, all suited to fit a
purpose. Within system development models are used as
blueprints describing both static and dynamic relations
between system components, i.e. supporting different
viewpoint of the development process. Similar models exist
for the information being processed at operation. One
approach used for organizing an enterprise’s information
system portfolio is Enterprise Architecture (EA). The
discipline of EA partly comprises a base of architectural
models applicable for supporting decision-making [3]. Other
models e.g. used for simulation or impact analysis are aimed
to support other stakeholders and their purpose. Independent
from the purpose modeling is an effective way of spreading
information in a coherent way and powerful method for
gaining overview of complex interactions and relations
between systems and their components. Thus, using models
provide useful support when constructing high quality ICT
infrastructure.
A. Scope
This paper presents the first steps in development of a
method, supported by modeling formalisms, intended for
evaluation of ICT system characteristics that are critical to
achieve observability and controllability of active distribution
grids. The long term goal of the research is to provide a tool
for decision support when designing protection, automation
and control systems architectures for active distribution
networks.
B. Paper outline
The subsequent section includes a descriptive overview of
the proposed analysis method. Section III continues with a
thorough descriptions of the comprised ICT quality attributes.
In section IV, the analysis framework is presented in detail.
Section V includes an example where the analysis framework
is applied and in section VI concluding remarks and future
work is discussed.
Assessing Impact of ICT System Quality on
Operation of Active Distribution Grids
J. König, Student Member, IEEE, L. Nordström, Member, IEEE
I
1
Paper accepted for presentation at 2009 IEEE Bucharest Power Tech Conference, June 28th - July 2nd, Bucharest, Romania
978-1-4244-2235-7/09/$25.00 ©2009 IEEE