IJSRSET151680 | Received: 21 December 2015 | Accepted: 26 December 2015 | November-December 2015 [(1)6: 352-357]
© 2015 IJSRSET | Volume 1 | Issue 6 | Print ISSN : 2395-1990 | Online ISSN : 2394-4099
Themed Section: Engineering and Technology
352
Hardware & Power efficient Multiplier
Geetanjali Sharma, Nitesh Dodkey
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Surabhi Group of Institution, Madhya Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a hardware and power efficient binary multiplier using resource reuse technique. The proposed
design uses efficient design of half and full adder circuits which uses less number of logic gates. An array multiplier
of n x n needs n rows and n columns of full adder circuits to generate the product term. The proposed design
requires only 3 rows of adders to generate the product term. Intermediate product terms are stored in the memory
elements (flip flop). As flip flops takes less area and consume less power as compared to adder circuit
(combinational circuit), this improves the hardware efficiency and power efficiency of the design. This technique is
used to implement a 8 x 8 multiplier and the results are compared with other 8 x 8 array multipliers. Spartan 3
FPGA is used to implement the design. The design is very linear and it can be easily extended to implement large
multiplier.
Keywords: Power Efficient, Multiplier, Switching Delay, Hardware Efficient and Resource Reuse
I. INTRODUCTION
Multipliers play an important role in today’s digital
signal processing and various other applications. With
advances in technology, many researchers have tried and
are trying to design multipliers which offer either of the
following design targets high speed, low power
consumption, regularity of layout and hence less area or
even combination of them in one multiplier thus making
them suitable for various low power and compact VLSI
implementation.
It is well known that Multipliers consume maximum
power in DSP computations [1]. Hence, it is very
important for modern DSP systems to design low-power
multipliers to reduce the power dissipation. In low-
power multiplier design, many researcher experiments &
find out results on the reduction of the switching
activities [2] have been published. Besides that, a simple
and straightforward approach [3] for low-power
multiplier is to design a low-power Full Adder to reduce
the power dissipation in an array multiplier. The other
designs are proposed to reduce the power dissipation in
a multiplication operation by interchanging dynamic
operands [4] or using partially guarded computation [5].
Furthermore, to minimize power dissipation
architectural modification can be used via row bypassing
[6] or column bypassing [7] techniques. Based on the
concept of theory row and column bypassing techniques
for the reduction of the power dissipation, a low-power 2
- dimensional bypassing based multiplier [8] and a low-
power row-and- column bypassing-based multiplier [9]
are further proposed. However, the introduction of the
extra bypassing circuit decreases the ability of minimize
the power dissipation, and it also induces extra delay in
the circuit.
In array multiplier n number of full adder layers are
required, where n is the size of the architecture. In this
work we have used only three layers of full adders to
implement the complete design, this will reduce the area
requirement and it will also reduce the power
consumption of the design.
The paper is organized as follows in section II related
work is given, in section III, IV and V array, column
bypass and row bypass are discussed respectively. In
section VI comparison of different multiplier
architecture s are discussed. In section VII conclusion
and in section VIII a novel multiplier is briefly
explained.