T. Gross et al. (Eds.): INTERACT 2009, Part I, LNCS 5726, pp. 81–84, 2009.
© IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2009
‘I Have Something to Say’: Supporting Aphasics for
Organizing and Sharing Personal Experiences by Photos
Abdullah Al Mahmud and Jean-Bernard Martens
Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology
P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
{a.al-mahmud,j.b.o.s.martens}@tue.nl
Abstract. When a person, due to brain injury or other disease, suffers in his or
her ability to speak, it becomes inherently cumbersome to share needs,
emotions, and experiences through personal stories and social interaction. We
report on our early design exploration to share everyday experiences by photos
for people having expressive aphasia. We also introduce the concept of a
multimodal narrative template to help persons with aphasia to reconstruct their
experiences and hence promote face-to-face communication and social
interaction from everyday activities.
Keywords: Aphasia, Sharing experiences, Contextual interview.
1 Introduction
Much of our social life consists of sharing daily stories with other people. However,
sharing personal stories can be extremely difficult for people with limited verbal
ability, such as those suffering from expressive aphasia. As a result, aphasia often
leads to increased social isolation and possibly to depression. Enabling persons with
aphasia to share their daily experiences will help them to become more socially active
and to re-engage with their preferred life style. Aphasia is an acquired communication
disorder that is caused by brain injury or trauma. Aphasia affects language
comprehension and generation [4], such that people’s ability to express themselves
verbally suffers. Speech Generating Devices (SGD) such as TouchSpeak [6] are
widely used in aphasia therapy as well as during the post-therapy period though there
are various limitations of SGDs such as (a) They contain isolated symbols whose
meanings have to be learned and need to retrieve phrases or words to construct
meaning which supports very simple stories. Therefore, these activities pose cognitive
challenges for the users. (b) SGDs support needs-based interaction for functional
communication. They lack the support for sharing experiences based on real-life
events, which are key aspects to social interaction.
Sharing experiences from real-life events require evidence captured in different
forms such as photos. Photographs have several functions such as preserving
memories about the past, narrating and organizing everyday experiences, and
communicating and building social relations [3]. Photography has been proposed
within ‘Aphasia Talks’ [5] as a way of facilitating self-expression in persons with
aphasia for reintegration, improving socialization and allowing recreation. The issue
of how people with special needs can be empowered to use photos to share experience