978-1-4577-0557-1/12/$26.00 ©2012 IEEE
1
How Aircraft Operators Can Benefit from PHM
Techniques
Leonardo Ramos Rodrigues
EMBRAER S.A.
Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 2170,
Putim, São José dos Campos,
São Paulo, Brasil, 12227-901
+55 12 39278245
leonardo.ramos@embraer.com.br
Takashi Yoneyama; Cairo Lúcio Nascimento Júnior
ITA, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica
Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes, 50,
Vila das Acácias, São José dos Campos,
São Paulo, Brasil, 12228-900
+55 12 39475996
{takashi, cairo}@ita.br
Abstract—Prognostics and Health Management (PHM)
techniques can provide a wide range of benefits to aircraft
operators. Since the primary goal of PHM systems is to
estimate the health state of components and equipments, as
well as forecasting their Remaining Useful Life (RUL), they are
often closely associated with the reduction in the number of
unscheduled maintenance tasks. Indeed, the avoidance of
unscheduled maintenance is a very important factor, but this
technology may potentially lead to considerable further savings
in other fields. Scheduled maintenance planning, improved
troubleshooting, inventory management optimization and
intelligent aircraft allocation to routes are other examples of
how the operators can benefit from PHM techniques. These
benefits may lead to important competitive advantages such as
reduction in operational cost and increase in fleet reliability.
The purpose of this work is to enumerate and explore
qualitatively some of these benefits in terms of the mentioned
competitive advantages to aircraft operators. Although PHM
systems can offer benefits to other members of the aeronautical
sector such as aircraft manufacturers and Original Equipment
Manufacturers (OEM), this work will focus on the aircraft
operator’s point of view.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION...............................................................1
2. PHM BASIC CONCEPTS..................................................2
3. REDUCTION OF UNSCHEDULED MAINTENANCE TASKS 3
4. SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE PLANNING ........................3
5. IMPROVED TROUBLESHOOTING ....................................5
6. INVENTORY MANAGEMENT OPTIMIZATION .................5
7. INTELLIGENT AIRCRAFT ALLOCATION TO ROUTES .....6
8. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS ................................................7
REFERENCES ........................................................................7
BIOGRAPHIES .......................................................................8
1. INTRODUCTION
Aircraft operators have shown growing interest in
Prognostics and Health Monitoring (PHM) systems due to
the benefits and the competitive advantages that these
systems can provide. The primary goal of a Prognostics and
Health Monitoring system is to estimate the health state and
forecast when a failure is expected to occur. It comprises a
set of techniques which use analysis of measurements to
assess the health condition and predict impending failures of
monitored equipment or system.
In order to demonstrate the applicability of PHM techniques
for different aircraft systems, many works have been
presented showing the health monitoring of a wide set of
components such as hydraulic actuators [1], structural
systems [2], auxiliary power units [3], batteries [4], etc. In
most of these works, the usage of the PHM system leads to
avoidance of unscheduled maintenance.
PHM techniques can also provide other opportunities to
improve the efficiency of maintenance teams. The
scheduled maintenance planning could be positively
affected by the information generated by a PHM system [5],
[6], [7]. When a failure occurs, identifying the failed
component sometimes is not a simple task. If PHM
information is available, it can be used as a support tool for
a faster and more accurate troubleshooting.
It is possible that the benefits provided by the
implementation of a PHM system are not restricted to the
maintenance issues. Other departments of aircraft operators
may convert the information obtained from a PHM system
into knowledge in order to promote improvements to their
processes. Inventory management is a good example of an
aircraft operator activity that is not directly related to
maintenance but can potentially be optimized when PHM
information is available. The number of spare parts to be
acquired and the best moment to place a new order can be
determined based on the estimated probability of failure of
each monitored component. PHM information can also be
used in order to allocate aircraft to routes. Aircraft that
present higher degradation levels – and consequently a
higher probability of failure – should be assigned to routes
that are closer to the maintenance centers, minimizing the
consequences of a failure event. The different benefits that
aircraft operators can obtain from a PHM system are
illustrated in Figure 1.