Optical and Vibrational Spectra of Narrow
Nanotubes: A Symmetry Based Approach
I. Miloševi´ c, B. Nikoli´ c, E. Dobardži´ c and M. Damnjanovi´ c
Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, P. O. Box 368, Belgrade 11001, Serbia and Montenegro
Abstract. By use of the tight binding method for induced representations (based on the line
group symmetry) polarized optical conductivity, radial breathing and high energy vibrational mode
frequencies of the narrow single-wall carbon nanotubes are calculated. The absorption spectra
features are assigned by the complete set of conserved quantum numbers and the results obtained
are discussed in relation to the previously reported calculations and measurements.
Recently, narrow single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been synthesized in
a porous zeolite [1]. By high-resolution transmission electron microscope diameter of
these tubes is determined to be 0 42 0 02 nm [2, 3]. The polarized optical absorption
spectra of the narrow SWCNTs has been measured [2] and modeled by first principle
electronic band structure calculations based on local density function approximation and
SWCNTs with chirality (5,0), (3,3) and (4,2) are suggested to be the only possibilities [2,
4, 5]. Apart from the dipole transitions assignment [2, 5], based, however, on the (more
or less) incorrectly determined isogonal point groups, symmetry has not been used in
the previously reported calculations. As for the vibrational properties, radial breathing
mode (RBM) frequency for tubes (5,0), (3,3) and (4,2) has been calculated by H. J. Liu
and C. T. Chan [4] and compared to the (by Z. K. Tang and X. D. Xiao) measured Raman
spectra.
In this Contribution we evaluate numerically, using the line group theoretical meth-
ods [6], parallelly polarized (i.e. along the tube axis) optical conductivity for the nan-
otubes (5,0), (4,2), (3,3) and (5,1) in the energy region 0 4eV. Also we carry out
calculations of the RBM and high energy mode (HEM) frequencies in these tubes.
The full line group symmetry [7] of the SWCNTs is used and the calculations are
carried out by use of the POLSym package [6] which is based on the tight binding (TB)
method for representations of the induced type [8]. In the calculations of the electronic
band structure, the results of the density functional tight binding (DFTB) calculations [9]
are taken as input data. By using a basis set consisting of one s and three p orbitals
(per carbon atom) hybridization of the graphitic σ , π , σ and π states is taken into
account. Within the dipole approximation, the optical transition matrix elements are
calculated out of the completely symmetry adapted Bloch functions [10]. More details
on the method of the optical absorption calculations can be found in Ref. [11]. As
for the vibrational spectra calculations, we use the force-constant model, starting with
the graphite constants [12] and adjusting them (kinematically and dynamically) to the
geometry of a SWCNT [13].
The calculated (real part of) optical conductivity for the nanotubes (5,0), (3,3), (4,2)
© 2003 American Institute of Physics 0-7354-0154-3/03/$20.00
Electronic Properties of Novel Materials, edited by H. Kuzmany, J. Fink, M. Mehring, and S. Roth
CP685, Molecular Nanostructures: XVII Int'l. Winterschool/Euroconference on
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