EFFECT OF SHORT BURST ACTIVITIES ON SPRINT
AND AGILITY PERFORMANCE IN 11- TO
12-YEAR-OLD BOYS
SVEIN A. PETTERSEN
1
AND GUNNAR E. MATHISEN
2
1
The Regional Center for Sport, Exercise and Health–North and
2
Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education,
University of Tromsoe, Tromsoe, Norway
ABSTRACT
Pettersen, SA and Mathisen, GE. Effect of short burst activities
on sprint and agility performance in 11- to 12-year-old boys.
J Strength Cond Res 26(4): 1033–1038, 2012—There are
limited data on how coordinative sprint drills and maximal short
burst activities affects children’s sprint and agility performance.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of
short burst activities on sprint and agility performance in 11- to
12-year-old boys. A training group (TG) of 14 boys followed
a 6-week, 1-hourÁweek
21
, training program consisting of different
short burst competitive sprinting activities. Eleven boys of similar
age served as controls (control group [CG]). Pre- and posttests
assessed 10-m sprint, 20-m sprint, and agility performance.
Results revealed significant performance improvement in all tests
within TG (p , 0.05), but not between TG and CG in the 10-m
sprint test. Furthermore, the relationships between the perform-
ances in straight-line sprint and agility showed a significant
transfer effect (r = 0.68–0.75, p , 0.001). Findings from the
present study indicate that competitive short burst activities
executed with maximal effort may produce improvement in sprint
and agility performance in 11- to 12-year-old boys.
KEY WORDS acceleration, sprint training, children, agility testing
INTRODUCTION
D
uring the course of development in childhood
years, strength, motor skills, and running speed
improve (23). The issue of trainability in children
has been related primarily to the effects of
regular training on the development of aerobic power
(1,4,11,16,18,24,27). There are some training studies on
adaptability of anaerobic exercise capacity in growing
children and adolescents, generally resulting in small
increments in performance (2). Most studies have used
power production in short-burst activities, conducting
Wingate anaerobic power test (30-seconds all-out maximal
effort on a cycle ergometer), with peak power (watts) and
30-second anaerobic capacity (kilojoules) as outcome
measures (22). There are limited data on how sprint training
regimens or sprint and agility drills affect children’s sprint and
agility performance (23). Mosher et al. (18) reported 20%
increase in high-intensity treadmill running in 10- to 11-year-
old soccer players after 12 weeks of high-speed activity
training. Interestingly there were no changes in 40-yd sprint
times. Kotzamanidis (13) showed that a 10-week, twice-per-
week, plyometric training program resulted in significantly
increased 20- and 30-m sprint velocity, but not 10-m sprint
velocity in 11-year-old boys compared with a control group
(CG) of similar age.
Buchheit et al. (3) found that 10-week, 1-hourÁweek
21
,
repeated shuttle sprints and explosive strength training pro-
duced significant improvement in 30-m sprint, but no significant
improvement in 10-m sprint in adolescent male elite soccer
players. From the existing collection of information, Rowland
(p. 207) (23) concludes that it is impossible to say whether
children are trainable in short burst activities.
In adults, straight-line speed and agility, the ability to move
quickly and change direction while maintaining control and
balance (19), have been found to be independent qualities
that are specific and produce limited transfer to each other
(14,28). Whether children are in line with adults regarding
these qualities are not well known.
Both understanding the meaning of and being motivated to
work at maximal intensity can be challenging for children. By
using competitive activities, you can create more attractive
conditions and enhanced motivation and thereby provoke
maximal effort in short sprints for this age group (15).
Thus, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the
effect of competitive sprint activities, 1-hourÁweek
21
for
6 weeks, on sprint and agility performance in 11- to 12-year-
old boys. It is our hypothesis that short straight-line speed
and agility performance is trainable and that the stimulation
is highly specific to its outcome, in 11- to 12-year-old boys.
A key factor is a sufficient intensity level; it means maximal
Address correspondence to Svein A. Pettersen, svein.arne.pettersen@uit.no.
26(4)/1033–1038
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Ó 2012 National Strength and Conditioning Association
VOLUME 26 | NUMBER 4 | APRIL 2012 | 1033
Copyright © National Strength and Conditioning Association Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.