In: Water Purification ISBN 978-1-60741-599-2
Editors: N. Gertsen and L. Sønderby, pp. © 2009 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Chapter 6
PHOTO-DEGRADATION OF METHYL ORANGE WITH
DIRECT SOLAR LIGHT USING ZnO AND
ACTIVATED CARBON-SUPPORTED ZnO
Hikmat S. Hilal
*
, Ghazi Y. M. Nour and Ahed Zyoud
Department of Chemistry, An-Najah N. University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, West bank,
Palestine
ABSTRACT
ZnO is a wide band gap (3.2 eV) semiconductor, with limited photo-catalytic
applications to shorter wavelengths only. However, it is suitable to use in solar light
photo-degradation of different contaminants, due to a number of reasons, taking into
account that the reaching-in solar radiation contains only a tail in the near UV region. The
high absorptivity of ZnO makes it efficient photo-catalyst under direct solar light.
Moreover, it is relatively safe, abundant and non costly. In this chapter, ZnO has been
investigated as a potential catalyst for photo-degradation of methyl orange (a known dye)
in aqueous solutions with direct natural solar light under different conditions. The major
aim was to assess the efficiency and stability of ZnO under photo-electrochemical (PEC)
conditions, and to suggest techniques to enhance such features. This will shed light on the
future applicability of ZnO as a candidate for economic and friendly processes in water
purification.
Recovery of ZnO particles, after reaction completion, has been facilitated by
supporting ZnO onto activated carbon, to yield AC/ZnO system. The AC/ZnO was used
as catalyst for contaminant photo-degradation in water solutions under direct solar light.
Both catalytic systems, naked ZnO and AC/ZnO, were highly efficient in degrading
both contaminants, reaching complete removal in reasonable times. The latter system
showed higher efficiency. In both systems, the reaction goes faster with higher catalyst
loading, until a maximum efficiency is reached at a certain concentration, after which the
catalyst concentration did not show a systematic effect.
*
Fax: 00-970-9-2387982; E-mail: hikmathilal@yahoo.com