1065 81 Water Reuse Products in Urban Areas Jay Krishna Thakur Environment and Information Technology Center—UIZ Sweety Karmacharya Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development Prafull Singh Amity University Deepa Gurung Health and Environmental Management Society (HEMS) Saeid Eslamian Isfahan University of Technology 81.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1066 81.2 Wastewater Reuse as Environmentally Sound Technology ............................................ 1066 81.3 Wastewater Reuse Products ................................................................................................. 1066 81.4 Constituents of Water Reuse Products ............................................................................... 1066 81.5 Guidelines for the Reuse of Water in Urban Areas .......................................................... 1066 81.6 Water Reuse Products in Urban Areas ............................................................................... 1066 Agriculture/Irrigation Reuse • Domestic Reuse • Industrial Reuse • Environmental/ Recreational Reuse • Indirect Reuse: Aquifer Recharge 81.7 Reuse Near Urban Settlements ............................................................................................ 1070 Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture as Wastewater Reuse Product • Crops Grown and Irrigation Methods • Aquaculture 81.8 Prevailing Necessity and Opportunity in Acceptance of the Reuse Products............. 1073 81.9 Eluent Quality ...................................................................................................................... 1074 81.10 Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse ................................................................................... 1074 81.11 Wastewater Treatment Technology .................................................................................... 1074 81.12 Disadvantage of Wastewater Reuse Product ..................................................................... 1075 81.13 Water Reuse and Limitations ............................................................................................... 1076 Perception on Health • Societal Acceptance and Sustainability • Nuisance from Odor • Economic Feasibility 81.14 Cost of Wastewater Reuse Product ..................................................................................... 1076 81.15 Global Scenario of Water Reuse Products ......................................................................... 1077 81.16 Summary and Conclusions .................................................................................................. 1077 References........................................................................................................................................... 1078 Preface Water scarcity in recent times calls for an alternative to minimize water consumption and economize water use. Correspondingly, wastewater reuse also minimizes the discharge of wastewater into the environment. Recycled wastewater can be conveniently reused for several purposes as long as quality is maintained at the acceptable level for speciied purposes. he useful organic carbon and nutrients in wastewater increase its efectiveness of its application in irrigation water. In urban areas, water can be reused in agricultural, domestic, industrial, recreational, and indirect (reuse like aquifer recharge) sec- tors. Agricultural reuse for crop irrigation, commercial nurseries, and landscape irrigation is practiced in various places. As a domestic application, wastewater can be used within cooling towers to transfer heat in air conditioning systems. In industries, reuse of wastewater for cooling systems make up water, boiler feed water, process wash, and general wash down is in existence. Water use in high-technology manufacturing, such as semiconductor industry is introduced in microchip manufacturing and manufacture of circuit boards. Wastewater can also be successively applied in recreational and landscape impoundments in golf courses and recreational ields as well as in snowmaking. In case there is less preference for direct use of wastewater, it can be indirectly used for aquifer recharge. One of the attractive uses of wastewater can be ascribed to aquaculture, with © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC