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International Journal of Applied, Physical and
Bio-Chemistry Research (IJAPBCR)
ISSN(P): 2277-4793; ISSN(E): 2319-4448
Vol. 5, Issue 3, Dec 2015, 1-8
© TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.
IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF PODOPHYLLOTOXIN FROM
PODOPHYLLUM HEXANDRUM BY ESI-LC/MS/MS
SHARMA D.K & KUMAR A
Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
An ESI-LC/MS/MS method for the quantification of podophyllotoxin from Podophyllum hexandrum
population from Sangla valley of Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh, India in the Northern Himalayas was developed.
Qualification of podophyllotoxin was performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) with R
f
values of 0.85 (leaf) and
0.94 (root) when compared with the standard podophyllotoxin. UV-VIS spectrophotometeric studies showed electronic
absorption at λ
max
value 284 nm. Gradient chromatographic separation of Podophyllotoxin was performed on a YMC-Pak
Pro C-18 : 4.6mm × 250 mm, HPLC column, packed with 1.5 μm particles equipped with a 0.7m pre-filter (Supleco),
using mobile phase methanol/water (1/1, v/v) and 100% methanol, both containing 0.1% ammonium hydroxide (25%)
and 10 m mol ammonium acetate (pH 9). Structural information from the tandem mass spectrometric data compared with
those of lignin markers already reported for the herb established the quantitative high yield of pophyllotoxin. The method
could be employed in the absence of reference standards for the marker and was particularly useful in view of the scarcity
of the chemical standard of podophyllotoxin.
KEYWORDS: Podophyllotoxin; Podophyllum Hexandrun; ESI-LC/MS/MS; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Received: Oct 05, 2015; Accepted: Oct 12, 2015; Published: Oct 18, 2015; Paper Id.: IJAPBCRDEC20151
INTRODUCTION
Podophyllum hexandrum also known as Indian Mayapple, which is an endangered medicinal perennial
herb is belonging to the family Berberidaceae. Podophyllum hexandrum, a moisture and shade loving erect,
glabrous, succulent herb thriving from Himalayan zone at an altitude between 1300 to 4300 m above from sea level.
Extensive chemical investigation of Podophyllum species revealed presence of a number of compounds like
podophyllin, podophyllotoxin, querectin, 4-dimethypodophyllotoxin, kaempherol, picropodophyllotoxin, α-peltatin
and β-peltatin [1]. The podophyllotoxin content in Indian Podophyllum is more (7-15%) in comparison to other
species notably Podophyllum peltatum (4-8%), the most common species in American sub-continent [2]. Recently
podophyllotoxin has acquired great importance and high medicinal status due to its effectiveness as antimitotic,
anticancer and immunostimulatory activity [3,4,5] especially for curing uterine tumors [6]. The rhizome powder of
the plant is used as laxative or to get rid of intestinal worms and also used as poultice to treat warts and tumorous
growth on the skin. Semi synthetic derivatives of podophyllotoxin e.g. etoposide (VP-16) [7], etopophos [8] and
tenoposide (VM-26) are effective against the treatment of lung cancer, a variety of leukaemia, and other solid
tumours [9].
Recently, Podophyllum hexandrum extracts have been reported to offer radioprotection by modulating free
radical flux involving the role of lignans presents [10-16]. Due to its anticancerous property podophyllotoxin is in
Original Article