Aquaculture Research, 1997, 28, 881–891
Apparent nutrient digestibility of formulated diets by
the Australian freshwater crayfish Cherax destructor
Clark (Decapoda, Parastacidae)
P L Jones & S S De Silva
School of Aquatic Science and Natural Resources Management, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
Correspondence: Dr P L Jones, School of Aquatic Science and Natural Resources Management, Deakin University, PO Box 423,
Warrnambool, Victoria 3280, Australia (e-mail: pfj@deakin.edu.au)
Abstract
Dry matter (DMD), protein (PD), ash (AD) and
crude fibre (CFD) digestibility coefficients were
determined for nine different diets fed to the
Australian freshwater crayfish Cherax destructor
Clark. Diets differed principally in the type and
quantity of ingredients used to supply the protein
component with fish, meat, soybean, snail,
yabby and zooplankton meals comprising the
main protein-based ingredients. DMD ranged from
71.8% (soybean meal 4 0 %, Soy-40 diet) to a
maximum of 91.4% (zooplankton-based diet).
Protein digestibility coefficients were all high and
ranged from 88.4% (Soy-0) to 96.0% (Soy-60).
Protein digestibility did not appear to be influenced
by the principal protein source. Diets that
contained a high level of animal or plant-based
protein were all highly digestible (PD, 94.1% for
the yabby meal-based diet, 80.4% animal protein;
PD, 95.2% for the Soy-60 diet, 80.2% plant
protein). AD coefficients were highly variable and
ranged from 17.3% (snail-based diet) to 73.2%
(yabby meal diet). Crude fibre digestibility
coefficients were as high as 57% (diet A30: fish/
yabby/soybean meal-based diet). No apparent
trend occurred in dry matter digestibility in relation
to the ash or crude fibre components of the diets.
The high digestibility coefficients obtained for a
wide variety of diet-types suggests that C. destructor
has a versatile digestive system which may
reflect its natural polytrophic omnivorous feeding
behaviour.
© 1997 Blackwell Science Ltd. 881
Introduction
Despite the importance of the freshwater crayfish
industry worldwide, relatively little information is
available which specifically addresses the nutritional
and dietary requirements of popularly cultured
species (D’Abramo & Robinson 1989; Goddard
1988; Merrick & Lambert 1991). There are also
considerable gaps in our knowledge of other
important aspects associated with feeding such
as the preferred foods, digestion and absorption of
nutrients, control of feed intake, and metabolic fate
of absorbed nutrients by freshwater crayfish (Brown
1995a). Consequently the formulation of diets for
freshwater crayfish is in a stage of infancy
(D’Abramo & Lovell 1991).
Digestibility studies are pivotal to the successful
development of diets for use in aquaculture.
Compared to fish, there is a dearth of information
available on feed and nutrient digestibility in
crustaceans, particularly in freshwater species. The
three commercially important parastacids of
Australia, Cherax albidus/ destructor Clark, Cherax
tenuimanus (Smith), and Cherax quadricarinatus
(von Martens) are all seriously under-represented in
this regard. In fact, Musgrove (1993) and Villarreal
(1991) provide the only other information on the
assimilative capacity of Australian parastacid
crayfish; both are bioenergetic studies that focus on
energy utilization.
The primary objectives of the present study were
to determine the capacity of C. destructor (commonly
called the yabby) to digest the dry matter, protein,
ash and crude fibre components of a variety of