Abstract— In this paper, the system capacity of a multi-cell
IEEE 802.16j system operating in transparent mode is
investigated. A previous published analytical model is used and
incorporates interference from neighbouring cells. The model can
be used to determine downlink performance under max-min
fairness constraints for both sectored and omnidirectional
systems with different amounts of relays. The study provides
guidelines on the design of 802.16j systems operating in
transparent mode – specifically, how to maximise throughput for
such systems. It is shown that inter-cell interference from relays
is limited in a suburban environment and that relays can deliver
significant gains over single hop systems: gains of 30% and 60%
can be achieved without and with spatial reuse in an
omnidirectional system while 15% and 25% in a sectorised
system.
Index Terms—IEEE 802.16j, transparent relay, multicell,
interference, spatial reuse, performance
I. INTRODUCTION
EEE 802.16j Multihop Relay (MR) [1] have the potential to
achieve cost savings while realising greater coverage and/or
capacity for IEEE 802.16e-2005 [2] systems. The standard
defines two modes of operation – transparent mode and non-
transparent mode. The former is specifically designed to
enhance the system throughput within the base station (BS)
cell coverage, while the latter is intended to provide coverage
extension and to a lesser extent throughput enhancement. The
specifications for both operating modes differ in several
aspects, primarily the frame structure, and lead to different
issues with the system design. Here, the focus is on
transparent mode operation.
One important aspect in such systems is the impact of the
additional inter-cell interference arising from transparent
relays in neighbouring co-channel cells. It is unclear what
performance gain can be achieved through the deployment of
transparent relays over traditional multi-cell 802.16e systems
under different configurations. Indeed, many parameters have
a significant impact on the performance of these systems and
hence, multiple parameters need to be considered
simultaneously to determine a system design which maximises
the achievable gain for such systems.
The objective of this work is then to investigate the
achievable performance gain in a suburban environment from
the deployment of transparent relays in an omnidirectional and
sectorised system, respectively. The analysis carried out here
takes into account the following parameters: the cell range, the
tree topology determined through a path selection algorithm,
the relay positioning within a cell, the number of relays in
each cell and the transmit power at the relay stations (RS). The
aggregate system throughput in the omnidirectional case and
the sectorised case are determined under max-min fairness in
which approximately equal performance is delivered to all
subscribers, in scenarios with and without spatial reuse.
The study is a development of previous work [3][4] and two
contributions are made in this work. First, inter-cell
interference is included into the analytical model [3] and the
graph based model [4] used to determine the performance of
multicell transparent relay mode 802.16j system under
different frequency reuses and antenna types at the BS.
Secondly, guidelines are provided on the system design in
order to maximise the gain that can be achieved through
transparent relays.
The paper is structured as follows. In section 2, the related
work on the system capacity of 802.16j system is presented.
The system model is described in section 3, with a description
of the system architecture under study and the propagation and
interference model used. Next, in section 4, a description on
the configuration of several parameters pertinent to the system
design is given. Finally, the results of the analysis for both the
omnidirectional and sectored cases are presented in section 5
and the paper is concluded in section 6.
II. RELATED WORK
While the 802.16j standard is expected to be ratified in the
first half of 2009, some research work is starting to appear on
the gain that can be achieved in 802.16j systems. This work
can be broadly divided in studies focusing on single cell
systems and multi-cell systems in which the BSs are assumed
synchronised.
Under some specific assumptions on the system
configuration, the work in [4] answers some initial question on
the achievable throughput gain with single cell transparent
mode 802.16j systems. The paper shows that through the
deployment of transparent relays 55% and 125% gain can be
achieved in the downlink (DL) over 802.16e systems without
and with spatial reuse, respectively. Hence, the deployment of
RSs provides significant gain over 802.16e systems in the DL
System-Level Performance Evaluation of Multi-cell
Transparent Mode Relay 802.16j Systems
Vasken Genc, Seán Murphy, John Murphy, Abdelhamid Nafaa
UCD School of Computer Science and Informatics
University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
vasken.genc@ucdconnect.ie, sean.murphy@iname.com, j.murphy@ucd.ie, nafaa@ieee.org
I
This full text paper was peer reviewed at the direction of IEEE Communications Society subject matter experts for publication in the IEEE "GLOBECOM" 2009 proceedings.
978-1-4244-4148-8/09/$25.00 ©2009