Original Article Ore Geology, Fluid Inclusion, and S- and Pb-Isotopic Constraints on the Genesis of the Chitudian Zn-Pb Deposit, Southern Margin of the North China Craton Shigang Duan, 1 Chunji Xue, 1 Guoxiang Chi, 2 Guoyin Liu, 3 Changhai Yan, 3 Qiwei Feng 1 and Yaowu Song 3 1 State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China, 2 Department of Geology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada and 3 Henan Geological Survey, Zhengzhou, China Abstract The Chitudian Zn-Pb ore deposit, Luanchuan, Henan province, was recently discovered in the southern margin of the North China Craton. The Zn-Pb orebodies are hosted in the Proterozoic Guandaokou and Luanchuan Groups, occurring as veins in interbedding fracture zones mainly in a WNW- and partially in a NS-direction. The Zn-Pb ores are characterized by banded, massive, and breccia structures, coarse crystal grains, and a simple mineral composition mainly of galena, sphalerite, pyrite, quartz, dolomite, and calcite. In addition to the vein type orebodies, there are Mo- and Zn-bearing skarn orebodies in the northwest of the Chitudian ore field. Four types of primary fluid inclusions in quartz and calcite were recognized in the Chitudian Zn-Pb ores, including aqueous, aqueous-CO 2, daughter-mineral-bearing aqueous, and daughter-mineral-bearing aqueous- CO2 inclusions, with aqueous inclusion being most common. The homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions from the main mineralization stage are from 290°C to 340°C, and the salinities mainly from 3.7 to 14.8 wt% NaCl equivalent. In addition to CO 2, CH4 and H2S were detected in the vapor phase and HS - in the liquid phase of the fluid inclusions by Laser Raman spectroscopy. The d 34 SV-CDT values of ore sulfides from the Chitudian deposit range from -0.32‰ to 8.30‰, and show two modal peaks in the histogram, one from 1‰ to 4‰, and the other from 5‰ to 7‰. The former peak is similar to that of porphyry-type Mo-W deposits in the area, whereas the latter is relatively close to the sulfur in the strata. The ore sulfur may have been derived from both the magma and the strata. The Pb-isotopic compositions of the ore minerals from Chitudian, with 206 Pb/ 204 Pb from 17.005 to l7.953, 207 Pb/ 204 Pb from 15.414 to 15.587, and 208 Pb/ 204 Pb from 37.948 to 39.036, are similar to those of Mesozoic porphyries in the Chitudian ore field, suggesting that the ore-forming metals were mainly derived from the Mesozoic magmatic intrusions. The Chitudian Zn-Pb deposit is interpreted to be a distal hydrothermal vein-type deposit, which was genetically related to the proximal, skarn-type Mo ore deposits in the region. Keywords: China, chitudian Zn-Pb ore deposit, fluid inclusion, Henan province, luanchuan, ore geology, stable isotope. Received 8 November 2010. Accepted for publication 26 March 2011. Corresponding author: C. Xue, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, No.29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China. Email: chunji.xue@cugb.edu.cn doi: 10.1111/j.1751-3928.2011.00160.x Resource Geology Vol. 61, No. 3: 224–240 224 © 2011 The Authors Resource Geology © 2011 The Society of Resource Geology