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Enhanced Dielectric Performance in Polymer Composite
Films with Carbon Nanotube-Reduced Graphene Oxide
Hybrid Filler
Jin-Young Kim, TaeYoung Kim, Ji Won Suk, Harry Chou, Ji-Hoon Jang, Jong Ho Lee,
Iskandar N. Kholmanov, Deji Akinwande, and Rodney S. Ruoff*
1. Introduction
Polymer-based dielectric films have been considered for
use in electroluminescent devices, gate dielectrics, electrical
energy storage, and touch panel devices due to their high
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400363
The electrical conductivity and the specific surface area of conductive fillers
in conductor-insulator composite films can drastically improve the dielectric
performance of those films through changing their polarization density by interfacial
polarization. We have made a polymer composite film with a hybrid conductive filler
material made of carbon nanotubes grown onto reduced graphene oxide platelets
(rG-O/CNT). We report the effect of the rG-O/CNT hybrid filler on the dielectric
performance of the composite film. The composite film had a dielectric constant of
32 with a dielectric loss of 0.051 at 0.062 wt% rG-O/CNT filler and 100 Hz, while
the neat polymer film gave a dielectric constant of 15 with a dielectric loss of 0.036.
This is attributed to the increased electrical conductivity and specific surface area of
the rG-O/CNT hybrid filler, which results in an increase in interfacial polarization
density between the hybrid filler and the polymer.
Carbon Nanotubes
Dr. J.-Y. Kim, H. Chou, Dr. J.-H. Jang,
Dr. I. N. Kholmanov, Prof. R. S. Ruoff
Department of Mechanical Engineering and
The Materials Science and Engineering Program
The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, TX 78712, USA
E-mail: r.ruoff@mail.utexas.edu
Prof. T. Y. Kim
Department of Bionanotechnology
Gachon University
Seongnam 461–701, Republic of Korea
Prof. J. W. Suk
School of Mechanical Engineering
Sungkyunkwan University
Suwon 440–746, Republic of Korea
J. H. Lee, Prof. D. Akinwande
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Microelectronics Research Center
The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, TX 78758, USA
flexibility, low temperature processing conditions, and simple
fabrication process.
[1–3]
However, these polymer films gen-
erally have low dielectric constants, and thus yield low per-
formance in electronic devices. One strategy to increase the
dielectric constant of polymer dielectric films is to use ferro-
electric ceramic (e.g., barium titanate or strontium titanate)
and/or electrically conductive fillers (e.g., metal nano-parti-
cles or carbon-based nanostructures). Incorporating these
fillers in the polymer matrix can increase the capacitance
due to the induced interfacial or space charge polarization
between the filler and the polymer.
[1,4]
Carbon-based nanostructures, e.g., carbon nanotubes
(CNTs) and graphene, have attracted much attention for
electrical device applications, such as transparent conductive
films, field-effect transistors, field emitters, electrolumines-
cent devices, and supercapacitors, owing to their electrical
and mechanical properties.
[2,5–9]
Recently, these nanostruc-
tures have been considered for high-k dielectric composite
film applications. Polymer composite films containing CNTs
or graphene as conductive fillers have been studied to try
and achieve high dielectric performance.
[10–15]
As was men-
tioned above, incorporating a conductive filler (e.g., CNT or
reduced graphene oxide (rG-O)) in a polymer composite
can, in the presence of an applied electric field, also induce
an interfacial or space charge polarization in the composite
film when below its percolation threshold concentration,
small 2014, 10, No. 16, 3405–3411