Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2011; 3; Open Journal S MEDITERRANEAN J Review Articles Incidence of Acute Myeloid L Caterina Giovanna Valentini*, Luana Pagano Hematology Institute, Catholic Univers Correspondence to: Caterina Giovanna Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 giovannavalentini@libero.it Competing interests: The authors have Published: December 22, 2011 Received: December 7, 2011 Accepted: December 17, 2011 Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2011, 3(1): e This article is available from: http://www.m This is an Open Access article dist (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 provided the original work is properly cited Abstract. Breast cancer is the mo among middle-aged women. Ear therapeutic options have increased effects of cancer treatment becom adjuvant chemotherapy regimens at increased risk of developing leu few years also the use of growth purpose of this review is to updat in breast cancer patients. Epidemiology and Mortality Of B Excluding skin cancers, breast cancer ( common malignancy among women country, accounting for about one-th cancer cases in the United States (n= and it is the second leading cause o among women. Despite the high mortality rate is low (15%), and, as a diagnosis and the increasing use of ad there is a rising number of long-te Several studies have reported an increa acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after t with evidence of a dose-intensity re estimated that 1 every 20 patients secondary non-breast cancer after 1 System JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY AND INFE www.mjhid.org ISSN 2035-3006 Leukemia after Breast Cancer Fianchi, Maria Teresa Voso, Morena Caira, G sity, Rome, Italy Valentini, MD. Istituto di Ematologia, Università Rome, Italy. Tel : +39-0630154180, Fax e declared that no competing interests exist. e2011069, DOI 10.4084/MJHID.2011.069 mjhid.org/layoutEditor/submission/9724 tributed under the terms of the Creative Co 0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and d. ost frequent cancer among women and the rly detection by mammography screening d breast cancer survival rates, with the con me increasingly important. In particular s, commonly including alkylating agents a ukemia, further enhanced by the use of ra h factors seems to increase the risk of sec te epidemiology of therapy-related myeloi Breast Cancer. (BC) is the most n in developed hird of all new = 230480; 30%), of cancer death incidence, the a result of early djuvant therapy, erm survivors. 1,2 ased incidence of treatment of BC, elationship. It is will develop a 10 years, which corresponds to a 22% i particularly for secondary syndromes (MDS). 3-5 Differences Between Secondary Acute Myelo related acute myeloid leu syndromes (t-AML/MDS) therapy-related myeloid ne among “Acute myeloid precursor neoplasms” in the The term “therapy-related” based on patient’s history agents. The latency betwe therapy-related disease ran ECTIOUS DISEASES Giuseppe Leone and Livio à Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, +39-063051343. E-mail: ommons Attribution License reproduction in any medium, e leading cause of death g and improvement of nsequence that late side r, patients treated with and anthracyclines, are adiotherapy. In the last condary leukemia. The id neoplasms occurring increase of relative risk, AML and myelodisplastic Therapy-Related and oid Leukemia. Therapy- ukemia or myelodisplastic are collectively known as eoplasms (t-MN), included leukemias and related e 2008 WHO classification. 6 leukemia is descriptive and of exposure to cytotoxic een primary diagnosis and nges from few months to