FULL PAPER
DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000473
A General Methodology for the Enantioselective Synthesis of 1-Substituted
Tetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloids
Mercedes Amat,*
[a]
Viviane Elias,
[a]
Núria Llor,
[a]
Fabiana Subrizi,
[a]
Elies Molins,
[b]
and
Joan Bosch
[a]
Dedicated to Prof. Dr. Antonio García Martínez on the occasion of his retirement
Keywords: Alkaloids / Heterocycles / Lactams / Asymmetric synthesis / Total synthesis
Starting from tricyclic lactam 2, which is easily accessible by
cyclocondensation of δ-oxoester 1 with (R)-phenylglycinol, a
three-step synthetic route to enantiopure 1-substituted tetra-
hydroisoquinolines, including 1-alkyl-, 1-aryl-, and 1-benzyl-
Introduction
The tetrahydroisoquinoline ring system is present in nu-
merous structurally diverse natural products exhibiting a
wide range of biological and pharmacological activities.
[1]
In particular, simple 1-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines
are of great interest not only as alkaloids themselves but
Figure 1. Selected 1-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids.
[a] Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and
Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona,
Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Fax: +34-934-024-539
E-mail: amat@ub.edu
[b] Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC),
Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2010, 4017–4026 © 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 4017
tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids, as well as the tricyclic alka-
loid (–)-crispine A, has been developed. The key step is a
stereoselective α-amidoalkylation reaction using the appro-
priate Grignard reagent.
also as useful key intermediates in the synthesis of more
complex alkaloids. This has stimulated the development of
a number of methodologies aimed at the enantioselective
synthesis of 1-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline deriva-
tives
[2]
(Figure 1).
In previous work, we demonstrated that phenylglycinol-
derived oxazolopiperidone lactams are versatile scaffolds
that allow the regio- and stereocontrolled introduction of
substituents at different positions of the piperidine ring,
Scheme 1. Natural and bioactive products prepared from phenyl-
glycinol-derived lactams.